Surgery for lumbar disc herniation generally includes two methods: 1. Minimally invasive surgical method, which is an emerging treatment method in the last decade or so. It has good efficacy for some patients with lumbar disc herniation, but its indications are relatively narrow. For patients with the latter ligament ossification and severe lumbar spinal stenosis, it is not suitable for minimally invasive surgery for lumbar disc herniation. For relatively young patients with simple lumbar disc herniation or prolapse, minimally invasive surgery is more effective; 2. Incisional surgery is suitable for all patients with lumbar disc herniation, and small openings or partial laminectomies can be used to remove the disc. Some patients need internal fixation after removal of the disc, and most patients can have good results after surgery.