Because the etiology and pathogenesis are not yet completely clear and lack of large-scale clinical trials, the treatment of SAPHO syndrome is still empirical, divided into two categories of drugs and surgery. I. Drug therapy 1. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): such as ibuprofen, usually used as first-line treatment for pain relief or in the diagnostic phase, with long-term use noted for bleeding, ulceration and perforation of the stomach or intestinal tract. 2. Intra-articular or systemic corticosteroids: transiently effective in most patients, but long-term use predisposes to Cushing’s syndrome. In addition, skin and/or bone involvement often recurs when the drug is withdrawn.3.Antibiotics: Infection is one of the possible triggers and can be treated with antibiotics, such as cephalosporin antibiotics and clindamycin, but only a small percentage of patients respond to this and this effect is usually limited and disappears after discontinuation.4.Biphosphonates: have some efficacy and there are few reports of skin discomfort or induced worsening of the disease.5.Vitamin A acid class: If the patient’s skin acne, septic sweat glanditis, etc. should be treated with this class of drugs. 6, biological agents: (1) anti-TNF-α drugs: its mechanism of action includes blocking the action of TNF-α and inducing apoptosis of T cells expressing TNF-α. As a treatment option for SAPHO cases that do not respond to conventional drugs or are refractory to treatment, it has shown efficacy in bone, skin and joint manifestations at standard doses. (2) Anti-IL-1 drugs: Inhibition of IL-1 signaling has been shown to be effective in a small number of published patients by two groups of investigators, with no additional findings available at this time. Second, surgical treatment surgery is one of the alternative means of treating SAPHO syndrome. Certain patients with rapidly progressive destructive spondylitis should not be treated with conservative medications, but require prompt surgery. Some researchers have used arthroscopic synovectomy to treat refractory knee synovitis and total hip arthroplasty to treat hip arthritis with severe pain and significantly limited activity, both of which have achieved more satisfactory results. Third, other treatments now new anti-IL-1 antagonists or IL-17 blockers can be considered as treatment options for the most difficult to treat cases of SAPHO. Double-blind randomized controlled studies on the use of biologic drugs or small molecules for this rare disease are still pending.