Anti-tuberculosis drugs have more obvious side effects, and the anti-tuberculosis drugs used more often in the clinic are isoniazid, rifampicin, streptomycin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol, all of which have different adverse effects. Isoniazid can cause peripheral neuritis and sometimes liver damage. Rifampicin can cause hepatic impairment and allergic reactions, and streptomycin can cause hearing impairment, vertigo, and renal impairment. Pyrazinamide can cause gastrointestinal upset, liver impairment, hyperuricemia, and arthralgia, and ethambutol can cause optic neuritis. During the course of anti-tuberculosis treatment, patients must be strictly observed for any adverse reactions, and regular rechecks of blood routine, liver function and renal function should be performed. If adverse reactions occur, the drug needs to be stopped promptly.