Chest pain is defined as pain or discomfort in the anterior chest area due to any reason. The nature of the pain can be dull, crushing, burning or pins and needles. Chest pain can be caused by many disorders, such as musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, respiratory, and gastrointestinal disorders. Although the etiology of chest pain is complex and involves multiple organs and systems, and the manifestation can be mild or severe, the severity of pain is not completely consistent with the severity of the disease. Among the fatal chest pain are the following: 1, acute coronary syndrome acute coronary syndrome including unstable angina and myocardial infarction. Typical angina is oppressive or suffocating, etc. The pain site is commonly behind the sternum, and the pain can radiate to the shoulder, left forearm, neck, jaw, and upper abdomen. The duration of chest pain is often >30min, and may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, sweating, dyspnea, etc. Nitroglycerin is not effective in relieving the pain. Electrocardiography, troponin T and myocardial enzyme spectroscopy can help identification and diagnosis. 2. Typical symptoms of pulmonary embolism are dyspnea, chest pain and hemoptysis, with syncope or loss of consciousness as the first symptom in some people. Common risk factors include bone fracture, major surgery, severe trauma, post-stroke paralysis, malignant tumors, varicose veins of the lower extremities, pregnancy, sedentary lifestyle, and the elderly. 3. Aortic coarctation is caused by tearing of the aortic intima and blood entering the vessel wall, resulting in stripping or rupture of the aortic wall to form an arterial coarctation. Risk factors include high blood pressure, Marfan syndrome and so on. Typical chest pain manifests as severe tear-like, knife-like persistent chest pain in the anterior chest region and radiates to the interscapular region. Its degree of pain patients severe, generally intolerable, can be accompanied by irritability, profuse sweating, pallor, extremity syncope cold and other shock manifestations. The blood pressure of both upper limbs was asymmetric. Application of enhanced CT and transesophageal ultrasound can be diagnosed. Typical symptoms of pneumothorax include sudden chest pain after strenuous exercise, coughing or straining to defecate, followed by chest tightness and dyspnea. Chest pain is often needle-like or knife-like. Chest X-ray is a reliable test for diagnosing pneumothorax. Among the common causes of non-fatal chest pain are the following: 1. Digestive system diseases such as esophagitis, esophageal hiatal hernia, esophageal tumors, gastroesophageal reflux, liver and biliary tract diseases, etc. also cause chest pain, and the pain is often located in the back of the sternum. Gastroesophageal reflux is the most common, manifesting as: burning or squeezing sensation behind the sternum, aggravated by lying down and alleviated by sitting up. 2, many lung and pleural lesions will also appear chest pain, such as pleurisy, bronchopulmonary cancer, pleural tumors and so on. The common point of this kind of disease is that chest pain is often accompanied by cough or sputum, fever, and chest pain is often aggravated by coughing and deep breathing, and there is no localized pressure on the chest wall. 3, there is also a part of the patient for psychological and mental chest pain, the patients often complain of chest pain, manifested as vague pain or stabbing pain, pain location is not fixed, accompanied by anxiety, depression, sleep disorders and so on. No abnormalities were found in the test results. In conclusion, many kinds of diseases can appear chest pain, chest pain is not necessarily heart disease. Once you have chest pain, it is recommended that you seek immediate medical attention and under the guidance of a doctor in a regular hospital to conduct the necessary examinations to clarify the cause of chest pain and make the correct diagnosis and treatment to avoid misdiagnosis and omission.