A compression fracture of 1/3 of the lumbar 1 vertebrae usually requires surgical treatment, but if some patients do not tolerate surgery, conservative treatment can be used. If a compression fracture of the first lumbar vertebra occurs, early surgical treatment is possible to fix the fracture site internally and promote recovery. However, some patients, such as elderly patients who suffer from osteoporosis and are intolerant to surgery, are not able to undergo surgery and can be treated conservatively with external immobilization, bed rest and avoidance of activities. After the occurrence of lumbar 1 vertebral compression fracture, it is necessary to go to the hospital in time to do the relevant examination, to clarify the severity of the fracture, and cooperate with the doctor’s treatment.