Pain behind the ear may be caused by the following reasons: 1. tissue inflammation: inflammation of the sebaceous glands behind the ear causes pain behind the ear, which requires anti-inflammatory, anti-infective, and immunity-enhancing treatments; 2. viral infections: generally associated with diabetes, autoimmune disorders, and tumors, which are prone to neuritis causing pain behind the ear, known as retroauricular neuralgia, which requires the administration of gabapentin, pregabalin, and nerve-nourishing mecobalamin, vitamin B1, to improve the symptoms of pain behind the ear; 3. Facial nerve palsy: mainly caused by viral infection, commonly associated with varicella-zoster virus infection, which may present with pain behind the ear, followed by facial nerve palsy, muscle weakness and other symptoms, treated by giving antiviral therapy, including gabapentin, pregabalin, acyclovir, ganciclovir, and valacyclovir to improve the symptoms. Hormone therapy is also given, which can effectively eliminate the inflammation and swelling of the facial nerve and improve the symptoms of facial palsy caused by viral infection. With aggressive treatment, the above symptoms can usually be improved in about 1 month, but some patients may be left with sequelae.