Trigeminal neuralgia, as the name implies, is a pain in our brain from a nerve called the trigeminal nerve. This pain is very specific and has three characteristics. First, this pain is sudden and abrupt, it appears suddenly, zap! First, this pain is sudden and abrupt. Second, the nature of the trigeminal nerve pain is the same as this electric shock, knife cut or electric drill, the pain is very strong. Thirdly, it is in the interval between the two pains, the patient does not have any pain at all, there is no difference with normal people. So trigeminal neuralgia, it is important to clarify these three characteristics. Trigeminal neuralgia and facial muscle spasm, it has a similar etiology. Near the trigeminal nerve, if there is a blood vessel pressing on the trigeminal nerve, it will cause trigeminal neuralgia, and if it is pressing on the facial nerve, it will cause facial muscle spasm, and if it is pressing on the top of the linguopharyngeal nerve, it will cause pain in the throat, which is linguopharyngeal neuralgia. Why is the trigeminal nerve called trigeminal? Because it has three branches that innervate the sensation of the face. The first branch is the part of the eye above the eye fissure to the forehead, the second branch is the middle of the eye fissure to the corner of the mouth, which is the part of our face, and the third branch is the part of the mouth downward, called the third branch. Our patients can also determine for themselves which branch of the trigeminal nerve they are in pain. As you can see in this diagram, the three branches of the trigeminal nerve are the maxillary branch, the ophthalmic branch, and the mandibular branch, which is the range of trigeminal nerve pain.