Trachoma is a type of conjunctivitis, caused by Chlamydia trachomatis infection, with symptoms similar to those of other types of factor infections, but often severe and persistent. This type of disease is more common in areas with relatively less developed economic and sanitary conditions. With the improvement of living standards and the spread of hygiene knowledge, the infection rate is now relatively low. The main manifestations: marked congestion of the conjunctiva of both eyelids, blurred capillaries like red flannel, and characteristically a large number of follicles, which, as the lesion progresses, leads to massive scar formation in the conjunctiva. The contraction of the scar deforms the lid margin and leads to severe entropion of the inverted eyelashes. Repeated small injuries to the corneal epithelium stimulate the surrounding capillary network to grow toward the central cornea, forming a vascular opacity that leads to corneal clouding. Prolonged inflammation also leads to destruction of the conjunctival epithelium and cup cells, resulting in substantial and severe conjunctival dryness and even causing the eyelids to adhere tightly to the bulbar conjunctiva, preventing the eye from turning at will. It is relatively easy to determine this type of disease by performing a relevant discharge examination and by specific signs. The early use of medication is crucial, with eye drops during the day and ointment at night, and in principle the treatment takes almost two months. If necessary, oral antibiotics are also needed to prevent similar Chlamydia trachomatis infections from occurring in other parts of the body. In principle, trachoma needs to be detected early and treated early to avoid serious complications due to delaying factors.