Gallbladder polyps are also known as gallbladder augmentation-like lesions, or gallbladder polyp-like lesions. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of people’s living standard, change of dietary structure, increasing environmental pollution and increasing social and life pressure, the incidence and cancer rate of gallbladder polyps are on the rise. Domestic data reported that 20% to 82.6% of gallbladder cancer combined with gallbladder polyps, while foreign reports are as high as 54.3% to 100%. The occurrence of gallbladder cancer is closely related to the size of polyps, the larger the polyps and the longer the duration of chronic cholecystitis, the greater the chance of gallbladder cancer. The chances of cancer occurrence are 1.0% for polyps less than 10mm in diameter; 2.4% for polyps 20-22mm in diameter; and up to 10% for polyps over 30mm in diameter. Gallbladder polyps usually have no obvious symptoms, and most patients will have abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms only when they are combined with cholecystitis and gallbladder stones. According to the different manifestations and causes of polyps, gallbladder polyps are clinically classified into three types: inflammatory polyps, cholesterol polyps and adenomatous polyps. Among them, inflammatory polyps and cholesterol polyps have very low possibility of cancer, so patients with these two types of polyps should not worry; however, patients who need to be alert to adenomatous polyps should pay high attention to this type of polyps and actively cooperate with doctors for treatment. So how to identify whether the polyps are cancerous or not? After being detected with gallbladder polyps, if the polyps are less than 1cm in diameter, patients should go to the hospital for a review every 3-6 months to see whether the polyps are cancerous or not. Compared with inflammatory polyps and cholesterol polyps, adenomatous polyps grow very fast. Adenomatous polyps can develop from 0.6cm to 1.2cm in diameter in just six months, and such fast-growing polyps are likely to develop into gallbladder cancer. Whether a polyp needs surgery or not is generally referred to several aspects. Polyps with a diameter greater than 1 cm, without a tip or with a wider tip, single polyps, irregular thickening of the gallbladder wall, polyps with irregular contours or polyps with significant enlargement in a short period of time have a relatively higher possibility of malignant transformation. It must be distinguished clearly, and for the above cases, early surgery is recommended. For cholesterol-type polyps, inflammatory polyps or polyps smaller than 1 cm may be recommended for regular observation and attention to review.