Peptic ulcer: The formation and development of ulcers is related to the digestive action of gastric acid and pepsin in the gastric juice. It occurs at the site of contact with gastric acid such as the stomach and duodenum, but also in the lower esophagus, near the gastrojejunal anastomosis and in Meckel’s diverticulum. About 95-99% of peptic ulcers occur in the stomach or duodenum, so they are also called gastric ulcers or duodenal ulcers, respectively.
Etiology
Peptic ulcer is currently considered to be a multi-causal disease. Various factors related to the development of peptic ulcer, such as gastric acid, pepsin, infection, genetics, physical fitness, environment, diet, living habits, neuropsychological factors, etc., can contribute to the development of ulcer through different ways or mechanisms, resulting in the enhancement of the above-mentioned invasive effects and or weakening of protective mechanisms.
1.The invasive effect of gastric acid and pepsin, especially the role of gastric acid, plays a major role in the formation of ulcers.
2, neuropsychiatric factors. Continuous, excessive mental tension, exertion, emotional excitement and other neuropsychiatric factors are often important factors in the occurrence and recurrence of duodenal ulcers.
3, Helicobacter pylori is one of the important factors causing peptic ulcer.
Typical symptoms.
1, epigastric pain, chronic, periodic rhythmic epigastric pain is the main symptom of typical peptic ulcer.
2, other gastrointestinal symptoms and systemic symptoms belching, acid reflux, burning sensation behind the sternum, salivation, nausea, vomiting, constipation, etc. can occur alone or with pain.
Examination.
1.Gastroscopy. Accurate diagnosis of peptic ulcer and differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ulcers can be made.
2.Gastric fluid analysis.
3.Fecal occult blood examination. In the active stage of ulcer, the fecal occult blood test is positive, and after active treatment, it is mostly negative within 1-2 weeks.
4.Helicobacter pylori test.
Treatment
1.General treatment
(1) Diet should be regular, not too fast, avoid too full and too hungry, avoid cold and spicy food.
(2) Quit drinking and smoking is also part of the treatment.
(3) Non-steroidal inflammatory drugs that can damage the gastric mucosa such as aspirin, anti-inflammatory pain, pau d’arco, etc. should be prohibited.
(4) Stabilize emotions and relieve anxiety.
2.Medication
Follow medical advice
3.Surgical treatment
The indications for surgery are: persistent ulcer that does not heal after strict medical treatment, suspected malignant gastric ulcer or those with serious complications that cannot be treated with medical treatment.
4.Prognosis
The recurrence rate can be 50-70% within 5 years, and the recurrence rate of duodenal ulcer is higher than that of gastric ulcer.
5.Prevention
Pay attention to mental emotion, exercise and strengthen physical fitness. Develop good living and eating habits, abstain from smoking and alcohol, avoid overeating and stimulating drugs and foods, pay attention to the regularity of life, work and rest, and avoid various triggering factors.