Adenomyosis refers to the invasion of endometrium with growth function into the myometrium, forming endometriotic lesions, causing a number of clinical complications such as dysmenorrhea, excessive menstruation, prolonged menstruation, anemia, infertility, etc., which can affect patients’ quality of life to varying degrees. The mechanism of adenomyosis formation is still unclear and remains a hot topic of current research. So far, there are many opinions about the causes of adenomyosis, including genetic factors, immune factors, hormonal abnormalities, abnormal angiogenesis, and uterine cavity manipulation. Although the causes are still unclear, some research results suggest that there may be many high-risk factors for the development of adenomyosis, such as: history of uterine surgery (e.g., myomectomy, cesarean section, etc.) and history of uterine operations (e.g., abortion, placement or removal of intrauterine device, hysteroscopy, etc.), which may cause disruption of the basal layer of the uterus and disruption of the normal anatomical level of the uterus, thus causing endometriosis to the myometrium, leading to adenomyosis. In addition, a history of multiple pregnancies and deliveries, excessive menstrual flow, chronic endometrial inflammation, reproductive tract obstruction, and estrogen-dependent diseases are also associated with the development of adenomyosis. Although the mechanism of adenomyosis is not clear and many patients have no obvious cause, the risk of adenomyosis can be reduced to some extent by avoiding unnecessary uterine operations and uterine surgery. If symptoms such as progressively worsening dysmenorrhea, menstrual changes, or changes in menstrual period occur, seek medical attention promptly and follow medical advice.