Clinical symptoms of angina pectoris

  In our country, the presentation of patients during an angina attack is often atypical, so caution is needed in determining whether chest discomfort or pain is angina. In recent years, foreign scholars have also emphasized that angina is a term that does not fully represent pain, and that the patient’s sensation of myocardial ischemia and hypoxia may be something other than pain, and thus may deny feeling pain. The following aspects help to clinically discriminate angina pectoris.  A. The nature of angina angina should be a crushing, crushing, suffocating, heavy, stuffy pain, not a sharp, knife-like pain or grasping pain, a short, pinprick-like or electric shock-like pain, or a feeling of chest tightness around the clock. In fact, it is not “colic” either. In a few patients, it may be a burning sensation, a feeling of tension or shortness of breath with a tight squeezing sensation in the throat or over the trachea. The pain or discomfort is mild at the beginning, gradually increases, and then gradually disappears, and is rarely affected by position change or deep breathing.  The pain or discomfort is often located in or near the sternum, or at any level between the epigastrium and the pharynx, but rarely above the pharynx. Sometimes it can be located in the left shoulder or left arm, occasionally with the right arm, jaw, lower cervical spine, upper thoracic spine, left interscapular or suprascapular region, however, it is rarely located in the left axilla or left subthoracic area. For the range of pain or discomfort distribution, patients often need to use the entire palm of the hand or fist to indicate only the fingertips of a finger to indicate very few.  Third, the time limit of angina 1-15 minutes, most 3-5 minutes, occasionally up to 30 minutes (except for the intermediate syndrome), the pain lasts only a few seconds or discomfort (mostly boredom) lasts all day or several days are not like angina.  Fourth, the triggering factors of angina pectoris are mainly physical exertion, followed by emotional excitement. Climbing buildings, walking fast on flat ground, walking after a full meal, walking against the wind, even the slightest movement of forceful defecation or raising the arm over the head, exposure to cold environment, cold drinks, pain in other parts of the body, and emotional changes such as terror, tension, anger, worry, etc., can be triggered. The pain threshold is low in the morning and can be triggered by light exertion such as brushing teeth, shaving, or walking; in the morning and afternoon, the pain threshold increases, and heavier exertion may not trigger the attack. The discomfort that occurs after physical activity rather than at the time of physical activity is not similar to angina pectoris. It is more likely to be triggered by physical activity plus emotional activity. Spontaneous angina can occur without any obvious trigger.