Testicular distension and lumbago in the clinic is often seen in epididymitis, orchitis, varicocele and prostatitis, etc., need to improve the auxiliary examination, in order to clarify the cause of the disease. 1. Epididymitis: mostly caused by bacteria, chlamydia and other pathogenic microorganisms, especially chronic epididymitis, patients may have testicular swelling and lumbago, give blood and urine routine, ultrasound and other tests, help to confirm the diagnosis. 2. Orchitis: more commonly caused by bacterial, mumps virus, mycobacterial infection, acute patients are mostly manifested as obvious swelling of the scrotum, pain symptoms, while chronic orchitis can be manifested as testicular swelling and lumbago. 3. Varicose veins: the veins of the spermatic cord in the scrotum are tortuous and dilated, and blood is stagnant, which can cause swelling in the testicles and be accompanied by lumbago, and ultrasound examination of the spermatic veins can help to confirm the diagnosis. 4. Prostatitis: prostatitis patients cause testicular swelling and back pain, mostly radiating pain, more prostate ultrasound, prostate fluid examination can be clear. To summarize, it is recommended that the patient further improve the examination, in order to clarify the cause of the disease, a professional physician for the specific condition to give appropriate treatment.