Molybdenum and palladium films are mainly used for routine screening of women with breast cancer, imaging of women with clinical symptoms and regular follow-up of patients with breast cancer after surgery. Mammography has been well established as a screening tool. Since the average age of onset of breast cancer in Chinese women is relatively young, mammography is generally recommended from about 35 years of age. The examination should be done once every year to once and a half. The Chinese Anti-Cancer Association Guidelines and Norms for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment (2015 edition) recommends mammography once a year for women aged 40 to 49 years; for women aged 50 to 69 years, mammography once every 1 to 2 years, and for women aged 70 years and above, mammography once every 2 years. Mammography has a high resolution of fine density differences in soft tissues and can obtain good images of the breast, clearly showing the glands, ducts, fibrous septa, skin, subcutaneous tissue, vascular structures and diseased masses, fine calcifications, etc. of the breast. However, because of the poor penetration of mammography into young dense breast tissue, mammography is generally not recommended for women under 40 years of age who do not have clear risk factors for breast cancer or whose clinical physical examination does not reveal any abnormalities. For women with risk factors for breast cancer, such as family history of breast cancer, previous history of breast cancer, benign tumors and biopsy, or before the age of 12 years for the first menstrual period or after the age of 30 years for the first full-term birth, it is recommended to start mammography earlier. Women with breast lumps and nipple overflow found on clinical physical examination need to undergo mammography for further definitive diagnosis. Postoperative breast cancer patients, whether breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy, need to undergo annual mammography.