Many people refer to the ovaries as a woman’s source of life and youthfulness. The reason for this is inextricably linked to the structure and function of the ovaries. At menarche, the number of follicles in the ovaries reaches 300,000-500,000, and each month a batch of follicles develops, of which only one dominant follicle fully matures and expels an egg, while the rest degenerate on their own. The rest will degenerate on their own. In a woman’s body, only 400-500 follicles will actually mature and be released. In the process of follicle development and maturation, the endocrine changes in the body are the very essence of women’s youth and beauty. High-paced, high-stress, irregular life makes some women’s ovaries fail prematurely. Clinically, we often encounter some women who do not know much about this disease. In order to let more women know more about premature ovarian failure and better prevent and treat premature ovarian failure, here we will focus on answering some questions about premature ovarian failure. Q1: What is premature ovarian failure? A: Premature ovarian failure refers to the persistent amenorrhea and atrophy of sex organs in women who have established regular menstruation before the age of 40 due to the deterioration of ovarian function, which is often accompanied by a rise in gonadotropin levels and a fall in estrogen. Q2: Why does premature ovarian failure occur? A: The pathogenesis is still not very clear, but some studies have shown that: 1, autoimmune factors such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, rheumatoid diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc.; 2, genetic factors, chromosomal abnormalities such as chromosome deletion, often occur in families with amenorrhea; 3, physical, chemical factors such as ovarian surgery, radiation irradiation or treatment, chemotherapy drugs, tuberculosis infection, 4, in recent years, clinical observation found that the disease is also related to multiple abortions, improper weight loss, excessive mental stress and bad habits. Q3：How can I know that I have premature ovarian failure and what are the symptoms of premature ovarian failure? A: Clinical symptoms include: menstrual disorders, amenorrhea, infertility, loss of secondary sexual characteristics such as vaginal dryness, pain during sexual intercourse, decreased libido, etc., and menopausal symptoms such as impatience and irritability, insomnia and dreamlessness, hot flashes and night sweats. Q4: Are these symptoms premature ovarian failure? A: Not necessarily, menstrual disorders and infertility can also be seen in other diseases, such as polycystic ovary syndrome and hypogonadotropic amenorrhea. Q5: Is there anything that can detect premature ovarian failure? A: 1, endocrine hormone examination (gonadotropin, estrogen, progesterone, androgen, etc.); 2, ultrasound examination of morphological changes in the ovaries (uterus size and shape, thickness of the lining, size and shape of the ovaries, number of follicles, etc.); 3, autoimmune indicators of the measurement (mainly anti-ovarian antibodies). Q6: Can premature ovarian failure be treated? A: As mentioned earlier, only 400-500 follicles are matured and discharged in a woman’s body, and even after menopause, some of the discharged follicles are still present in the ovaries. This also means that some women with premature ovarian failure can still resume ovulation through active ovarian function recovery treatment. The general treatment is as follows: 1. Establishment of artificial cycle: regular cycles of estrogen and progesterone are given, some patients can induce natural menstruation after a certain period of treatment, and cyclic supplementation of estrogen and progesterone can avoid atrophy of epithelium of reproductive organs and loss of calcium, as well as protect the cardiovascular system, and prevent the changes of lipid metabolism. This treatment is not short-term for one month or two months, but should be long-term and should be taken until the average age of menopause (about 50 years) without restoration of normal menstruation. The treatment is simpler in patients without reproductive requirements, when the aim of treatment of premature ovarian failure should be to improve the quality of life in the future and reduce the risk of future disease. Mainly for the use of sex hormones. 2, pay attention to reasonable diet, intake of appropriate amount of protein, a variety of fruits, vegetables, etc., should also supplement calcium, multivitamins and so on. Prevent osteoporosis and other low estrogen complications. 3, appropriate exercise, maintain regular work and rest time, ensure adequate sleep, emotional regulation, optimism and cheerfulness, regulating work and life stress, quit smoking and alcohol, these are very important. 4, Chinese medicine according to clinical patients often show symptoms, commonly used to nourish yin and reduce fire, tonifying the kidney and blood with estrogen, with a view to gradually restore the function of the ovaries. Q7: Can patients with premature ovarian failure get pregnant? A: If the ovaries can resume ovulation during treatment, pregnancy is possible. Q8: What should I pay attention to in general? A: Avoid drinking too much coffee, strong tea and alcohol products, drink more milk, eat more fish, shrimp and fresh fruits and vegetables; 2, maintain good sleep to delay premature ovarian failure; 3, master contraceptive methods, reduce abortion; 4, pay attention to changes in menstruation and precursors of premature ovarian failure. If the above symptoms occur, timely examination and medical treatment; 5, learn emotional regulation, to prevent adverse emotions interfere with the female endocrine function and immune system, reducing the body’s ability to resist disease; 6, scientific weight loss, protein and fat are to maintain the normal endocrine female substances. Q9: Do emotions have an effect on premature ovarian failure? A: Most women who learn that they have premature ovarian failure will be in a state of long-term depression and emotional disorders and cannot extricate themselves, which is not only unfavorable to the treatment of the disease, but will directly further inhibit ovarian function, accelerate the failure of ovarian function or atrophy of the reproductive organs, thus aggravating the condition. The care, consideration and understanding of doctors and family members will play an invaluable role in the regression and cure of the disease. Q10: Liver and kidney can be transplanted, so can ovaries be transplanted? A: There is no precedent of allogeneic ovary transplantation, but some scholars have shown that vitrification of ovarian tissue for cryopreservation and autologous in-situ transplantation have a wide range of clinical prospects, and with the development of technology becoming more and more mature, it is believed that it will bring a blessing to women with premature ovarian failure.