The diagnostic criteria for primary nocturia are at least 2 nocturnal episodes per week for 3 months in pediatric patients 5 years of age or older, and exclusion of other disorders of the urinary system. The pathogenesis of primary nocturnal enuresis may include: 1, delayed development of the cerebral cortex responsible for casual control of the urinary reflex. 2, sleep disorders in children with enuresis, although there is no special way to sleep, but more sleep. Urinary loss can occur in either stage of sleep, and it is extremely difficult to awaken the child in the first 1/3 of the night, while it is easier in the second 1/3 of the night, but it is still more difficult to awaken the child with urinary loss compared to a child with normal bladder control. 3.Antidiuretic hormone production decreases at night, leading to an increase in urine production. Genetic factors Children with enuresis often have a family history. 5.Sleep apnea (snoring) caused by adenoid hypertrophy. In addition to medication, children with enuresis should have a series of comprehensive treatments at home. Alarm clock awakening therapy: This therapy first requires parents to grasp the child’s urine loss pattern, in often occurring urine loss time before the alarm clock half an hour to an hour, because the vast majority of children with functional enuresis, in the first two to three months with the alarm clock is difficult to wake up, so the need for parents to hear the bell through the use of sound, light, warm or cold towels to stimulate the child, so that the child in a state of complete wakefulness to go to the urinary, this method is to wake up the bell, and then the child will be woken up. This method is to wake up the bell, and the bladder filling stimulation at the same time, after about three to six months of training and gradually form a conditioned reflex, the child can be woken up by the parents, transition to be woken up by the alarm clock, and finally stop using the alarm clock to be woken up by the stimulation of the bladder filling, and urinate on their own, this method is safe and effective, no adverse reactions, but the effect is slow, and must be adhered to for a long period of time, and it affects the rest of the family, this therapy is often used as the first choice of treatment for enuresis, and it is also the most popular treatment. This treatment is often used as the first choice of treatment for enuresis, and it is the most effective cure. Lifestyle habits cultivation: Let the child drink less water after 4 p.m., dinner or 3 hours before bedtime, as little as possible to eat a liquid diet, including milk, soup, porridge, and watermelon, pears, orange juice, coffee, chocolate and other diuretic foods. Diet should be light and avoid cold, spicy, sweet and stimulating foods, at least 2 to 3 hours between dinner and bedtime. Avoid over-excitement or strenuous activities before bedtime, and develop the habit of urinating before bedtime. Children should be instructed to drink more water during the day, especially in the morning, and to delay urination as much as possible, so as to increase the volume of urine and gradually increase the capacity of the bladder. In addition, the child can be encouraged to consciously interrupt urination as it occurs. The main function is to increase the functional capacity of the child’s bladder and improve the control ability of the bladder sphincter. Through such training, the child’s bladder capacity can be increased, and the child’s cerebral cortex can be established to respond to the stimulus from the bladder during sleep and wake up in time to urinate. Psychotherapy: Children with enuresis need psychological support from their families. Most of the children with enuresis have psychological problems, such as introversion, emotional instability, easy anxiety, depression, nervousness, worry, easy to produce excessively strong reaction to external stimuli, sensitive and suspicious character, withdrawn, low self-esteem, etc. These psychological and behavioral problems are secondary to long-term enuresis and are not the cause of enuresis, e.g., bedwetting is then blamed by the parents, scolded, humiliated, laughed at or even threatened. Humiliation, giggle or even threaten to punish, as well as disregard for the child’s face and self-esteem to give a fanfare, so that the child is in a state of excessive tension for a long time, further aggravate the psychological trauma, or the emergence of a rebellious mentality, not only to make the symptoms of enuresis aggravate, at the same time can make the previous ability to control the children to re-occur in the enuresis, but also a small number of children in the occurrence of urinary retention, and gradually form a habit, and even adults are still not able to change. But on the other hand, if you pay too much attention to the child’s urinary loss, the more serious the child’s urinary loss will be. Most of the children with urinary loss are neurotic children, who are more sensitive and prone to nervousness, and therefore, when others ask them to pay more attention, they will make more mistakes. However, if the child with enuresis and his parents adopt the attitude of covering up the contradiction, they are not able to better dissolve the influence of the bad stimulus, making it a long-term chronic stimulus and slowing down the recovery. It can be seen that the psychological problems of children do not only lie in the children themselves, but also in the interrelationships and mutual influences among the members of the family. In many cases, treating only the children themselves without changing the situation in the family is often not helpful and will not change the children’s psychological problems. Parents should avoid punitive measures that may affect the psychological development of the child. If the child snores and has enlarged adenoids, a visit to an ENT should be considered, as adenoidectomy may cure this type of enuresis.