Septal defect mainly refers to atrial septal defect or ventricular septal defect. Atrial septal defect refers to the existence of abnormal channels between the left and right atria, and the normal anatomical structure is destroyed, resulting in blood can reach the other side of the atrium from the ischemic area, atrial septal defect can be treated without treatment if the diameter is not large and there are no clear clinical symptoms, the defect is more than 0.5 cm and there is clear blood reflux need to consider surgical treatment, there are minimally invasive There are two types of surgery: minimally invasive surgery and surgical surgery. Ventricular septal defect refers to the abnormal channel between the left ventricle and the right ventricle, the original normal anatomical structure is destroyed, due to the pressure between the two ventricles, blood can flow from one side to the other side, the early stage is mainly left to right shunt, the development of late stage may appear right to left shunt, left to right shunt and two-way shunt condition, surgery can be carried out, late stage may lose the opportunity of surgery. The options adopted vary according to individual circumstances. In general, ventricular septal defects are more dangerous than atrial septal defects and should be treated as early as possible.