The Expert Consensus on Short-term Intensive Insulin Therapy for Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes, organized by the Chinese Medical Association Diabetes Society (CSD), officially issued clinical indications and courses of short-term intensive insulin therapy for patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. The AACE guidelines consider that insulin therapy can be given to patients with initial onset type 2 diabetes with HbA1c>9%. In numerous studies of short-term insulin intensive therapy, the subjects included in the studies had fasting glucose above 7 mmol/L, and most of them with 1 year or more follow-up proved that short-term insulin intensive therapy for patients with fasting glucose > 11.1 mmo/L could bring improvement in β-cell function, and some patients could achieve long-term glycemic remission. Therefore, we recommend short-term intensive insulin therapy for newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients with HbA1c > 9% or fasting glucose > 11.1 mmo/L. For the duration of short-term treatment, most of the available studies used a treatment course of 2 to 3 weeks, and a few studies extended to 3 months. In combination with clinical practice, we recommend that a treatment duration of 2 weeks to 3 months is appropriate, and the treatment goal is to achieve fasting and 2h postprandial glucose targets, without HbA1c target as the treatment goal. Selection of different short-term insulin intensive treatment regimens As seen in several relevant domestic and international clinical studies, although there are many regimens that can be used for insulin intensive treatment, there are fewer studies that use different insulin intensive regimens to compare the efficacy. We believe that in terms of the choice of insulin intensification regimen, CSII, MDI or premixed insulin injected 2 or 3 times a day can be chosen according to the actual situation. Glycemic control targets during insulin intensive therapy The glycemic control targets for insulin intensive therapy follow the control targets of the 2010 edition of the Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes, namely fasting blood glucose 3.9-7.2 mmol/L (70-130 mg/dl) and non-fasting blood glucose 10.0 mmo/L ( 180 mg/dl). Patients should be treated with medical nutrition therapy and exercise therapy at the same time during insulin intensive therapy; the specific adjustment of insulin dose should be referred to the 2010 edition of the Chinese guidelines for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Follow-up treatment of short-term insulin intensive therapy A large number of clinical studies have confirmed that short-term insulin intensive therapy can lead to clinical remission for 3-59 months in some newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Therefore, we recommend that for patients who fail to induce remission with short-term intensive insulin therapy, whether to continue insulin therapy or switch to other medications should be determined by an endocrinologist based on the patient’s specific situation. For those who have reached the standard of treatment and are in clinical remission, regular (e.g., 3 months) follow-up monitoring is possible; when blood glucose rises again, patients with fasting blood glucose >7.0 mmol/L or 2 h postprandial blood glucose >10.0 mmol/L should restart drug therapy, and the drug selection should refer to the 2010 edition of the Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. Short-term insulin intensive therapy glucose monitoring program During the course of insulin intensive therapy, close monitoring of blood glucose is required. During the intensive treatment phase, the blood glucose monitoring program should be at least 3 d per week and 5~7 time points per day to guide the adjustment of insulin dose and regimen. For patients who only need medical nutrition therapy and exercise to maintain normal blood glucose level after the end of intensive insulin therapy, we recommend monthly blood glucose monitoring for the first 3 months to observe the changes of fasting blood glucose and 2h postprandial blood glucose; and then every 3 months to perform blood glucose testing. For patients who need oral medication, follow the protocol recommended in the 2011 edition of the Clinical Application Guidelines for Blood Glucose Monitoring in China. Other considerations Short-term insulin intensive treatment regimen for newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus is applicable to adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. When diabetic patients are combined with acute complications such as ketoacidosis or severe chronic complications, their insulin treatment regimen and timing should refer to the relevant guidelines. Patient education on diabetes should be enhanced for patients undergoing short-term insulin intensive therapy. For specific education content, refer to the 2010 edition of the Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. In conclusion, the starting treatment regimen for patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes is closely related to their prognosis, and short-term intensive insulin therapy has obvious benefits for some patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes who have high blood glucose (fasting glucose >11.1 mmo/L) and has been more widely implemented in clinical practice. Because of this, this consensus expects to have a positive effect on standardizing the related clinical use.