Stroke, also known as cerebral stroke, is a disease state caused by the rupture or blockage of a blood vessel in the brain. It is a disease with high morbidity, mortality and disability rates, and is one of the “three major killers” (cerebrovascular disease, cardiovascular disease and tumors) of humans. About 3/4 of stroke survivors have varying degrees of disability, which has a huge impact and burden on the patient, family and society. The carotid and vertebral arteries are the essential route of blood supply from the heart to the brain. With age, atherosclerosis inevitably occurs in the walls of human arteries, resulting in gradual narrowing of the arterial lumen and, in severe cases, even occlusion, causing cerebral ischemia or cerebral infarction, resulting in hemiplegia, aphasia, and even coma or death. Ma Cunkai, Department of Interventional Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University Early carotid and vertebral artery stenosis often causes intermittent transient ischemic attack (TIA). If cerebral ischemia lasts for a long time and is severe, it can lead to brain cell necrosis. In addition, atherosclerotic plaques in the cervical and vertebral arteries and their attached thrombi can dislodge under the continuous impact of blood flow and directly block the internal carotid and vertebral arteries or larger intracerebral arteries, causing life-threatening infarction of large brain tissue. The brain cells usually suffer irreversible necrosis and complete loss of function after 6 hours of ischemia, and it is too late to seek treatment at that time. Therefore, it is recommended to check for cervical artery stenosis at the onset of mild cerebral ischemia. If cervical artery stenosis is severe or if the plaque has broken down, endovascular stenting of the cervical artery should be considered in order to eliminate hidden problems and ensure health. The main pathological mechanism of cervical and vertebral basilar artery stenosis is atherosclerosis, which itself is a chronic process of organ aging, and atherosclerosis is also one of the main mechanisms of coronary artery disease (coronary atherosclerotic heart disease) and other brain and peripheral vascular pathologies. Therefore, cervical and vertebral basilar artery stenosis is actually a cervical manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis, and risk factors for cervical and vertebral basilar artery stenosis are also risk factors for coronary heart disease, cerebral thrombosis, and other important vascular diseases. Certain lifestyles and pathological states can accelerate the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis, which we call high-risk factors, and the common ones are as follows: 1, hypercholesterolemia; 2, hypertension; 3, diabetes; 4, smoking; 5, overweight and obesity; 6, lifestyle: mental stress, high-calorie diet, lack of exercise, etc.; 7, others: aging, more men than women.