Most pyelonephritis is an inflammatory reaction in the renal parenchyma caused by bacteria and immunity, and can be classified as acute or chronic according to the course of the disease. Acute pyelonephritis has a shorter treatment cycle and simpler treatment measures, and is generally not serious if treated in a timely manner, but serious complications such as renal papillary necrosis, infection, and toxic shock may also occur; while chronic pyelonephritis is complex to treat, usually difficult to cure, and relatively more serious: I. Acute pyelonephritis: 1. Symptoms: Patients are usually seen with high fever, accompanied by generalized aches and pains, fatigue and other symptoms; there can be obvious pain in the kidney area, unilateral or bilateral, as well as urinary frequency, urinary urgency, painful urination and other symptoms; 3, treatment and whether serious: anti-inflammatory treatment can be applied under the guidance of doctors such as piperacillin, cefoperazone, but also available alkaline drugs to neutralize the acidity of the urine, to relieve bladder irritation signs, commonly used drugs including sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, etc. After the infection is controlled, the disease can gradually improve, the prognosis is fair, this situation is not serious, if the treatment is not timely, poor control of the foci of infection, renal papillary necrosis can occur, affecting kidney function, and even infection, toxic shock, life-threatening, these cases are more serious, requiring emergency treatment. Chronic pyelonephritis: 1. Etiology: can be due to acute pyelonephritis extended, but also due to defective immune function of the body or other chronic diseases, the causes are more; 2. Symptoms: can be asymptomatic performance or symptoms such as low fever, intermittent urinary frequency, lumbago. When acute attack, the symptoms can be similar to acute pyelonephritis; 3. Treatment and whether it is serious: first of all, the cause should be actively sought and treated. If infection exists, antibiotics such as penicillin are used to control the infection, and in the presence of scar obstruction and stones, the urinary tract can be opened through surgery and other methods. In acute attacks, treatment is similar to that for acute pyelonephritis, but the course of treatment is longer and the combination of drugs is more frequent. Chronic pyelonephritis can cause chronic renal failure and uremia if it continues to develop. Without standardized treatment and timely control of disease progression, the condition may become more and more serious. Therefore, it is recommended to strictly follow the medical advice to control the disease, usually drink more water and urinate more.