I often hear doctors talk about kidney deficiency, kidney disease, nephritis and pyelonephritis, but what is it all about? What is the difference? Many people don’t know that there are often patients who go to the hospital for treatment of “kidney disease”, but once the urine routine and kidney function are completely normal, and then ask them to know that they are in the Chinese medicine doctor, the Chinese doctor said “kidney deficiency”, so they mistakenly think that they have The “kidney disease”. First of all, the kidney in Chinese medicine is not the same concept as the kidney in Western medicine, the “kidney” in Western medicine is what the common people say The “kidney” in Western medicine is the “waist”, which together with the ureter, bladder and urethra constitute the “urinary system”. Specially responsible for the body’s water regulation and excretion, the removal of metabolic waste. The “kidney” in Chinese medicine, in addition to the kidney of the urinary system in Western medicine, also has a very important function, that is, the function of the reproductive system. If the kidney of the urinary system is called the “internal kidney”, then the kidney of the reproductive system can be called the “external kidney”. Secondly, kidney disease refers to a variety of kidney diseases, including various primary and secondary glomerulonephritis, interstitial nephritis, pyelonephritis, renal failure, etc. The key is to diagnose what the specific disease is, through routine urine, kidney function and other laboratory tests to help diagnose, can be manifested as protein in the urine or red blood cells, white blood cells, or blood urea nitrogen, blood creatinine elevation, etc. Kidney deficiency is a symptom of TCM, including kidney yang deficiency and kidney yin deficiency. Kidney yang deficiency can be manifested as pale or sallow face, cold waist and knees, cold fear, mental weakness, impotence and premature ejaculation in men, cold and infertility in women, enuresis, swelling, diarrhea on the fifth shift, pale tongue with white fur and sunken pulse, while kidney yin deficiency can be manifested as soreness and weakness in the waist and knees, feverishness in the five hearts, dizziness and tinnitus, insomnia and forgetfulness, night sweating, spermatorrhea and premature ejaculation in men and menorrhagia and menorrhagia and menorrhagia in women. constipation, red tongue with little coating, thin pulse, etc. Therefore, when Chinese medicine refers to kidney deficiency, it broadly refers to the overall low function of the organism, which can occur in a variety of diseases, including not only kidney diseases in Western medicine, but also cardiovascular diseases, lung diseases, blood diseases, etc., or no organic lesions at all, but only functional disorders, narrowly defined as the diminished reproductive function (including sexual function). Only the kidney disease of kidney deficiency evidence can appear abnormal urinary routine and kidney function, other diseases of kidney deficiency evidence of urinary routine and kidney function is normal. The actual fact is that you can find a lot of people who have been in the business for a long time. In fact, abnormal urine tests are not only “nephritis”, but also other diseases of the urinary system, such as urinary tract infections. Urinary tract infections include upper urinary tract infections and lower urinary tract infections, of which the upper urinary tract infection is pyelonephritis. Pyelonephritis is an infectious disease caused by the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms (including bacteria and fungi) into the renal pelvis, which mostly develops from urethritis and cystitis. Most of the acute pyelonephritis has an acute onset, manifested by chills, fever, elevated blood white blood cells, often with back pain, percussion pain in the kidney area, with or without symptoms of urinary frequency, urinary urgency, urinary pain, urinary routine with or without urinary protein, urinary red blood cells, and normal kidney function. Generally, as long as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs are used in a timely manner, it can be cured. If acute pyelonephritis is not treated in time or occurs repeatedly, and abnormalities are found on intravenous pyelogram, such as focal rough renal cortical scars, or dilated and blunted renal calyces, then chronic pyelonephritis is present, and it is not divided into acute and chronic by duration. Nephritis, also known as glomerulonephritis, includes primary and secondary glomerulonephritis and is generally considered to be caused by the body’s immune response to certain pathogenic factors rather than by direct infection or destruction of the kidneys by these pathogenic factors, so it cannot be cured with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs. Common symptoms of nephritis patients include increased foam in the urine, hematuria, edema, back pain, and some patients may develop hypertension. Increased foam in urine often indicates the presence of protein in urine, and generally speaking, the more foam there is, the more protein there is. In normal people, blood is not visible to the naked eye, and there are no red blood cells under the microscope, but if there is hematuria to the naked eye, it means that there are a lot of red blood cells in the urine, but this does not mean that the color of the urine has become red, that is, there is hematuria, and it does not mean that it must be nephritis. In addition, the hematuria of lesbians should be noted if it is caused by menstrual blood, so avoid menstrual periods during urine tests. Nephrolithiasis edema often appears first in the eyelids, face, scrotum and other more sparse areas, only later will the lower limbs edema, in severe cases can also be edema throughout the body, a few people can also have ascites or pleural fluid. The actual nephrologist often does not have obvious lumbar pain performance, only some patients find nephritis, think that nephritis is waist disease, so they feel lumbar pain, this lumbar pain is usually relatively light, or just lumbar acidity, not as serious as acute pyelonephritis lumbar pain. Patients with proteinuria in nephritis usually need to be treated with hormones and/or cytotoxic drugs. If proteinuria is not well controlled, it will develop into renal failure, so early detection and treatment are needed. Patients with hypertension should pay attention to urine and kidney function tests in order to detect whether they are accompanied by kidney disease in time. In conclusion, regular medical checkups, pay attention to your kidneys, and once you find abnormalities in urine routine and kidney function, please go to the nephrology department of regular hospitals in time to avoid delaying treatment, which is the key to prevent the progress of kidney disease.