I. Example of eating
1, (energy about 1500kcal, protein about 70g)
Breakfast: tomato and egg noodles: soba noodles 50g + tomatoes 100g + eggs 50g
Breakfast: soy milk 200ml
Lunch: rice: brown rice 10g + rice 40g
Meat foam with eggplant: eggplant 100g + lean pork 50g
Cold fungus: dried fungus 5g
Dried celery and tofu: dried tofu 20g + celery 250g
Oil for lunch: 13g vegetable oil
Lunch point: apple 200g
Dinner: mixed rice: rice 50g + millet 25g
Bok choy and mushroom: bok choy 150g + mushroom 50g
Steamed sea bass: sea bass 100g
Stir-fried zucchini: zucchini 150g
Oil for dinner: vegetable oil 12g
Dinner: Milk: 200ml
2, (energy about 1800kcal, protein about 75g)
Breakfast: mixed grain steamed buns: wheat flour 60g + buckwheat flour 15g
Breakfast side dish: cucumber 100g
Hard-boiled egg: egg 50g
Breakfast: soy milk 200ml
Lunch: mixed grain rice: rice 60g + corn 15g
Dried bean curd and shredded pork: dried bean curd 25g + pork 50g
Mahjong Sang Choi: sesame sauce 5g + lettuce 250g
Oil for lunch: vegetable oil 15g
Lunch point: fruit: banana 200g
Dinner: mixed rice: rice 60g + oats 15g
Tomato fish fillet: tomato 150g + fish 100g
Seaweed with cabbage: seaweed 30g + cabbage 100g
Oil for dinner: 15g vegetable oil
Dinner: Milk: 200ml
3, (energy about 2000kcal, protein about 80g)
Breakfast: buckwheat noodle buns: buckwheat flour 10g + wheat flour 40g; egg (one): 50g
Shredded potatoes with vinegar: 100g potatoes; vegetable oil: 5g
Breakfast: milk 250ml
Lunch: rice: brown rice 20g + stalk rice 80g
Shrimp with garlic and open back: shrimp 75g + garlic cloves 20g
Stir-fried dried bean curd with raw melon and carrot: raw melon 75g+carrot 25g+dried bean curd 25g
Stir-fried mung bean sprouts with leek: 50g leek + 100g mung bean sprouts (oil for lunch: 12g vegetable oil)
Lunch point: apple 200g
Dinner: rice: brown rice 20g + stalk rice 80g
Fried beef tenderloin with bell pepper: 100g of bell pepper + 75g of beef
Garlic mashed oleander: garlic 15g + oleander 150g
Oil for dinner: 10g vegetable oil
Dinner: yogurt 150g
Second, raw and cooked food conversion.
1. 1 tael of rice: raw weight 50g, cooked weight (rice) 130g.
2.1 tael flour: raw weight 50g, cooked weight (bun) 75g; commercially available bun 100g refers to the actual flour used 100g (2 taels).
3. 1 tael of meat: 50 grams raw weight, 35 grams cooked weight; cut into slices (20 slices), shredded meat (50 shreds), and meat pieces about 4-5 pieces when cooked.
4. 60 grams of eggs in shell (1 large) = 50 grams of dried tofu = 100 grams (2 taels) of tofu = 20 grams of unsweetened milk powder.
5. 10 grams of oil about 1 small porcelain spoon.
6. 6 grams of salt about 1 beer bottle cap.
III. Methods of food exchange.
You can choose according to your own habits and hobbies
Principles.
1, the same kind of food can be interchanged.
2, in the exchange of similar foods, especially staple foods should take into account the glycemic index GI factors, as far as possible to choose low GI food.
3, different types of food when the nutrient structure is similar, can also be interchanged.
4. Tips for sugar mothers who eat a lot to reduce their meal size
1.Drink appropriate soup (less oil) before meals.
2.Eat more low-calorie, bulky vegetables, such as cabbage and bean sprouts.
3.Chew slowly when eating and avoid gobbling.
4, focus on one thing when eating, avoid talking and laughing unconsciously eat more.
V. Salt control tips for heavy sugar moms
1.Learn to borrow taste.
Borrow vinegar to increase the taste: such as steamed fish out of the pot with a few drops of soy sauce and then vinegar, the taste is very fresh.
Borrow flavor to enhance the taste: with the flavor of the ingredients themselves, such as tomatoes, mushrooms, scallions, ginger, garlic, etc.
2.Salt out of the pot, salt stays on the surface of the dish, reduce the amount of salt at the same saltiness.
3.Use low sodium salt and avoid soy sauce as much as possible.
4.Do not eat pickled foods and high-salt snacks.
5.Take out the amount of salt that can be consumed daily, store it separately and do not add it after use.
The importance of exercise for sugar mothers
Exercise helps to improve insulin sensitivity and lower fasting and postprandial blood sugar. We should regularly perform 30 minutes of moderate intensity exercise per day based on our pre-pregnancy exercise habits. Both aerobic exercise and resistance exercise can improve blood sugar levels.
Types of exercise.
1.Non-weight-bearing training – swimming, stationary cycling.
2, suitable weight-bearing exercises – walking, jogging and low-intensity aerobics.
3.Resistance training (yoga, Pilates) – some asanas and movements are different from non-pregnancy, and need to be practiced under the guidance of professionals.
Seven, the supplement program for blood sugar control: insulin
First of all, insulin is a macromolecular protein, which does not pass through the placenta and will not cause adverse effects on the fetal baby! However, in the process of using insulin, sugar mothers should pay attention to the following points.
1. Sugar mothers treated with insulin should still adhere to diet control.
2. The type, dose and number of injections of insulin (formulated by the doctor) should be determined according to the blood sugar level and must be adjusted only on the basis of a basically fixed amount of diet. Meal time and insulin application should be closely coordinated.
3. Short-acting insulin should be eaten 15min after injection. For medium-acting or mixed insulin, meals should be eaten 30min after injection or according to the individual situation set by the doctor. Meals should be eaten immediately after the injection of ultra-short-acting insulin.
VIII. Questions about the frequency of blood glucose monitoring
1. For sugar mothers who do not need insulin therapy, it is better to monitor blood glucose throughout the day once a week, including fasting blood glucose and blood glucose 2 hours after three meals, for a total of 4 times.
2. For newly diagnosed sugar mothers with poor or unstable blood glucose control and using insulin therapy during pregnancy, they need to monitor their blood glucose every day. In addition to fasting blood glucose and blood glucose 2 hours after three meals, half hour before three meals and night time blood glucose should be measured if necessary.
Special monitoring for sugar mothers during pregnancy
1. Increase the number of maternity check-ups: once every two weeks from mid-pregnancy, and once a week if necessary after 32 weeks.
2. monitoring blood glucose, urine glucose and urine ketone bodies, as well as fetal development during maternity checkups
3. pay special attention to blood pressure, edema and urine protein.
X. Timing of delivery and mode of delivery for sugar mothers
(i) Timing of delivery.
1.Sugar mothers who do not need insulin therapy and have no maternal or fetal complications can wait until the expected date of delivery to terminate their pregnancy under close monitoring.
(2) Sugar mothers treated with insulin, if their blood sugar is well controlled, the pregnancy can be terminated at 38 to 39 weeks of gestation under close monitoring.
(3) Sugar mothers with maternal and child complications and unsatisfactory glycemic control should terminate their pregnancy at the appropriate time under close monitoring.
(ii) Mode of delivery.
Diabetes mellitus is not an indication for cesarean delivery. The doctor will assess whether there are conditions for vaginal trial of labor and closely monitor blood sugar and fetal heartbeat during labor to avoid prolonged labor.
XI. Precautions during labor and delivery (vaginal delivery)
1, pay attention to rest, too much fatigue will directly lead to poor uterine contraction, thus prolonging labor and hemorrhage.
2, emotional tension and pain after labor can affect blood sugar, labor analgesia is a very good choice.
3, appropriate diet, continue the diabetic diet during pregnancy, pay attention to the digestibility of food and strictly prohibit high sugar food.
4.Increased implicit water loss in the body after the delivery, to be hydrated in small amounts several times.
5.Sugar mothers who use insulin should stop the medication during labor, and the doctor should use and adjust the insulin dosage intravenously according to the dynamic blood sugar level.
12. What should sugar mothers pay attention to after delivery?
1. After the placenta is expelled, the anti-insulin substances in the body will decrease rapidly. For sugar mothers who used insulin during pregnancy, the insulin dosage should be adjusted or even stopped by the doctor.
2.After delivery, it is necessary to maintain a healthy diet.
3.Most (81%-94%) sugar mothers can return to normal glucose tolerance after delivery, but the risk of GDM in subsequent pregnancies and the risk of type 2 diabetes later is higher than normal pregnant women. That’s why it’s important to have another OGTT test 6-12 weeks after delivery!
There are many complications and eventual bad outcomes for sugar mothers because they can’t eat, are afraid to move, are afraid of insulin, etc. So I hope I can give you more professional guidance and help.