Lumbar disc herniation is a common benign disease that does not directly affect the patient’s natural life expectancy if left untreated, but when the condition continues to develop, it can have a serious impact on the patient’s normal life and work, and the quality of life is severely reduced. Without active treatment, lumbar disc herniation may be recurrent and prolonged, preventing patients from freely participating in normal social activities. Patients with lumbar disc herniation may suffer from lower limb weakness, muscle atrophy, decreased numbness and sensation, difficulty in walking, and ultimately lead to physical disability. The most serious symptom of lumbar disc herniation is cauda equina syndrome, which is usually related to the compression of the cauda equina nerve caused by huge disc herniation, and the patient may suffer from decreased sensation around the perineum, urinary and fecal incontinence, and sexual dysfunction. These are the serious consequences that may result from lumbar disc herniation, but most of these conditions can be effectively treated with regular, timely and appropriate treatment.