After herpes simplex virus infection, treatment for immunocompetent adolescents and adults usually lasts 7 to 10 days. Immunodeficient patients such as HIV-infected patients have a more protracted treatment and need to be extended as appropriate. 1.1 Herpes simplex virus can cause recurrent blistering ulcerative lesions on the oral or genital mucosa. It can also cause infections of the eyes, skin, central nervous system and/or internal organs. 2. Treatment in immunocompetent adolescents and adults usually lasts 7 to 10 days, depending on the severity of symptoms and the effectiveness of treatment. Treatment may be prolonged if lesions have not healed or have progressed to the dry crusting stage after 10 days of treatment. 3. Immunodeficient patients such as HIV-infected patients have a more prolonged treatment period, which needs to be extended according to the severity of the disease. Persistent non-healing lesions may also occur, which is more common in patients with advanced immunosuppression (e.g., CD4 cell count <100/mm3). During treatment, patients should take the initiative to do some self-isolation and avoid close contact with family members to minimize the likelihood of herpes simplex virus transmission to others. In the course of herpes simplex virus treatment, patients should maintain a good attitude and actively follow the doctor's instructions for medication. If there is a tendency for the area of herpes to expand during the course of treatment, it is important to go to the hospital in time for a follow-up consultation, and carry out subsequent rehabilitation treatment under the guidance of the doctor.