There are two types of tumors on the kidney, benign tumors and malignant tumors, and the clinical manifestations and prognosis of different types vary greatly. The tumor can be removed alone and pathological examination is needed after removal. If it is benign tumor, there is no danger; if it is malignant tumor, it may have the possibility of recurrence and metastasis even after removal. Whether to perform surgery for benign kidney tumor should depend on the patient’s symptoms, tumor size and general status of the patient. The principle of surgery is to try to preserve the kidney function of the patient. Malignant tumors require a comprehensive assessment of prognosis and whether they are metastatic to choose the treatment. Patients with benign kidney tumors can recover through surgical resection, while the situation of malignant kidney tumors is more serious because cancer cells exist in the body and may metastasize and spread after surgery, requiring post-operative immunotherapy and targeted therapy. This depends on the location of tumor growth and pathological staging. Benign tumors less than 4cm can be left untreated, while all types of renal malignant tumors should be diagnosed with early minimally invasive surgery or radical nephrectomy to preserve the kidney unit. Renoblastoma is routinely treated with chemotherapy. In addition to cooperating with the doctor for treatment, the usual diet should also be paid extra attention to reduce the intake of protein, fat and animal protein to avoid increasing the burden on the kidneys and making the disease more serious. Pay attention to rest, don’t exert yourself and keep a good state of mind.