Nowadays, people’s living standard has improved a lot and their daily diet is rich in nutrition. However, the incidence rate of kidney cancer is increasing instead of decreasing. We clinically found that the number of new kidney cancer cases each year in the last 5 years has doubled several times compared with 20 years ago. Moreover, about 70% of these patients are found during physical examination without any symptoms. Internationally, they are collectively called “incidental kidney cancer”, which is also clinically referred to as “small kidney cancer” (less than 4 cm). So, what should we pay attention to about kidney cancer? Currently, it is believed that kidney cancer has an important relationship with the decline of immune system of patients. Those who have frequent colds are likely to have decreased immunity, which must be given high attention. In modern society, while enjoying the improvement of living standard, we also pay the corresponding price, such as high work pressure, long-term staying up late, or lack of exercise in a long-term more closed office building; and excessive entertainment, such as playing mahjong in a closed and unventilated room, and will actively or passively smoke, may lead to the possibility of kidney cancer due to the decline of their immunity. In addition, long-term in places with more cars, harmful exhaust fumes (containing lead, cadmium, etc.) may also be an important cause of immunity decline, so the general public, especially the elderly, should try to avoid recreation in the above places. The international authoritative urology journal has recently reported the latest research results all over the world that smoking, obesity, hypertension, or hormone abuse, excessive alcohol consumption may be important risk factors for kidney cancer; in addition, aromatic hydrocarbons, aromatic amines, aflatoxins and viruses, occupational environmental factors (excessive exposure to radiation), genetic and familial factors (multiple tumors in the family, etc.) may all be risk factors for kidney cancer. These are all risk factors for kidney cancer. Eating more fruits and vegetables, which contain antioxidants such as carotenoids, vitamins A, D and E, can help reduce the occurrence of kidney cancer. What should be done once kidney cancer is detected? First of all, don’t be nervous, emotional tension may lead to endocrine abnormalities and cause immunity decline, which further aggravate the kidney cancer. Secondly, most of the kidney cancers found nowadays are “small kidney cancers”, and many of them can be cured. Again, the advanced and minimally invasive laparoscopic technology can treat many kidney cancers, and can preserve the normal kidney units with short operation time, fast recovery, less pain and beautiful.