Thyroid nodule benign and malignant judgment methods include imaging examination, pathological examination, etc., of which pathological examination is the gold standard for judging the benign and malignant of thyroid nodules. Thyroid nodules are masses formed by abnormal proliferation of thyroid cells. Ultrasonography can initially determine the benign or malignant nature of nodules, which are categorized into 1-6 categories: category 1 is no nodule; category 2 suggests benign; category 3 suggests possibly benign, with a risk of malignancy of <2%; category 4 suggests a risk of malignancy of 2-90%; category 5 suggests a cancerous likelihood of > 90%; category 6 refers to cytologically detected cancer. Thyroid nodules above category 4 are recommended to undergo thyroid pathology to further define the benign or malignant nature of the nodule, and if malignant, surgery is required. It is recommended that patients with thyroid nodules be examined and treated under the guidance of a physician.