Diabetes mellitus is, as the name implies, a disorder of the metabolism of glucose and other nutrients due to inadequate or abnormal insulin secretion or function. Patients show elevated blood sugar and high levels of glucose in the urine. The typical manifestations of diabetes in daily life are “three more and one less”, i.e., drinking and urinating more, eating more, and losing weight. However, with the development of China’s economy and the improvement of people’s standard of living, there are more and more obese children, and the incidence of type 2 diabetes in children is also increasing year by year, which has become a health problem for children that cannot be ignored and should be taken seriously by parents. About half of the children with type 1 diabetes start with diabetic ketoacidosis, which can be characterized by excessive drinking and urination, nausea, abdominal pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, loss of appetite, and exhaled breath smelling like rotten apples, etc. Serious cases can occur. Coma. This is a critical condition of diabetes mellitus, and effective measures should be taken in time for resuscitation. Clinically, we can often see children who can control urination and have unexplained nocturnal enuresis; children who used to urinate 1~2 times at night suddenly have more urination at night and need to drink water after urination; children who were obese suddenly have unexplained weight loss, older children can complain of feeling tired, etc. Parents should pay attention to these situations and take their children to the hospital for examination in time for early detection. Parents should pay attention to these situations and take their children to the hospital for examination, early detection and timely treatment to avoid the occurrence of critical conditions of diabetes. Once the child is diagnosed with diabetes, he or she should listen to the doctor and adhere to long-term treatment, which includes: diet, medication, exercise, psychotherapy, blood glucose monitoring, diabetes education and other comprehensive measures. Parents play a very important role in the treatment of diabetes in children. Take dietary treatment as an example: the total daily calories and the ratios of various nutrients should be prepared according to the nutritionist’s calculation, meals should be taken regularly and quantitatively, high-sugar and high-fat foods should be prohibited, and attention should be paid to the so-called sugar-free foods (especially sugar-free snacks) which only do not contain sucrose but may contain a large amount of carbohydrates and fats, and the amount of food eaten should be calculated within the total daily calories and daily diet, otherwise it will Otherwise, it will cause calorie intake to exceed the prescribed range, making blood sugar fluctuate and the condition poorly controlled. Exercise therapy is an indispensable part of diabetes treatment. Children with stable diabetes can participate in various sports activities at school, but they should pay attention to blood glucose monitoring before and after exercise, and eat small amounts of food according to the situation to avoid hypoglycemia. Daily monitoring of blood sugar and urine glucose needs to be done at home and can reflect the condition of diabetes very well. Parents must supervise their children to do this work well and keep family records carefully and bring them to the doctor at each follow-up visit so that the doctor can have a comprehensive understanding of the child’s condition, which facilitates the adjustment of the diabetes treatment plan and prevents and delays the occurrence and development of chronic complications of diabetes. Do not blindly believe in the so-called miracle doctors, special drugs, etc., so as not to be deceived and delay treatment.