1. The latest international diagnostic typing standards for diabetes classify it into four types: type 1, type 2, gestational type and idiopathic type. More than 95% of diabetes in China is type 2 diabetes, and type 1 accounts for about 3-4%. 2. Diabetes belongs to cardiovascular disease; diabetes is an equivocal risk of coronary heart disease; diabetes is mostly fatal due to complications of cardiovascular disease, and comprehensive interventions such as blood pressure lowering, lipid regulation, weight loss, protection of vascular endothelial function, anticoagulation and antithrombosis are more important measures than simple blood glucose lowering. 3. The importance of blood glucose testing and assessment of cardiovascular hazards is in the following order: glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAic) is better than 2-hour postprandial blood glucose than fasting blood glucose; glucose tolerance test is important for early detection and early intervention of diabetes. The early application of insulin is beneficial to delaying islet failure and improving insulin resistance, so the start of insulin application should be moved forward and not wait until the combined application of oral hypoglycemic drugs is ineffective. . 5, in general, diabetes multiple cardiovascular metabolic risk comprehensive intervention target: HbAic