Minimally invasive surgery usually refers to laparoscopic surgery. For patients with surgically treatable kidney cancer, laparoscopic surgery is one of the important treatment options. Kidney cancer is a collective term for malignant tumors occurring in the kidneys, including primary kidney cancer and secondary kidney cancer. Primary renal cancer is the most common and is a malignant tumor originating from the epithelial system of renal tubules, while clear cell carcinoma accounts for about 85% of renal malignant tumors. With the improvement of physical examination and health awareness, most of the current renal cancer patients are confined renal cancers, and surgical treatment is the preferred treatment option, which can be selected from radical nephrectomy, preserving renal unit surgery (partial nephrectomy, etc.) according to the situation, and the surgical methods can be selected from laparoscopic surgery, open surgery, robotic-assisted surgery, and so on. With the advancement of laparoscopic technology, most patients with limited renal cancer can be treated with laparoscopic surgery, and it has the advantages of clearer field of vision, quicker postoperative recovery, and smaller invasive surface. However, not all patients are suitable for laparoscopic surgery. If the patient is already in middle or late stage, the surgical treatment is mostly open surgery, and the postoperative adjuvant treatment should be chosen according to the situation. If kidney cancer is suspected or diagnosed, it is recommended to go to regular hospitals for comprehensive assessment of the condition, follow the doctor’s instructions, and choose the appropriate treatment plan to improve the prognosis of the patients, so as to avoid delaying the condition.