Whether a nodule requires surgery or not, this cannot be generalized and depends mainly on the size of the nodule, and the benign or malignant nature of the nodule. For example, common clinical thyroid nodules can be simple goiter, thyroid adenoma and thyroid cancer. 1. Simple goiter with nodules smaller than 1 centimeter can be treated conservatively with regular checkups and observation of changes in nodule size. When the nodule is very big, there are often compression symptoms, manifested as hoarseness, choking and coughing, which need to be surgically removed, and sent to the pathology to clarify the nature of the operation. 2. Thyroid adenoma: Most benign thyroid adenomas can be followed up and observed on a regular basis without special treatment. In a few cases, surgery is needed. 3. Thyroid cancer requires surgical resection and postoperative biopsy, and radiotherapy if necessary. If nodules appear, it is necessary to consult a doctor in time for examination and standardized treatment under the doctor’s guidance.