A high white blood cell count and high epithelial count on urine examination is often considered to be an infection. Infection can cause an increase in pathogenic bacteria in the urine, so the body’s white blood cells into the urine phagocytosis of pathogenic bacteria, there will be a microscopic examination of the white blood cell count is significantly higher. At the same time, because after the infection, the uroepithelial mucosa shedding increased, which can cause the number of epithelial cells increased. It is recommended that patients undergo ultrasound of the urinary system and urine culture examination to clarify the specific infectious organisms, and choose sensitive antibiotics for early treatment. During the treatment period, the urine routine should be repeated regularly to find out the changes of leukocytes and epithelial cells. Other diseases may also cause elevated white blood cells and epithelial cells, such as the presence of urinary stones, which cause infections in the surrounding tissues. This can cause an increase in the white blood cell count, accompanied by an increase in the epithelial cell count. The patient will usually have low back pain or abdominal pain at the site of the stone, which may also be accompanied by a concomitant elevation of red blood cells in the urine.