Lumbar disc herniation is a clinical syndrome resulting from degenerative changes in the lumbar discs, rupture of the annulus fibrosus, and herniation of the nucleus pulposus compressing the nerve root or cauda equina. Because it is caused by degenerative changes in the lumbar spine, lumbar disc herniation cannot be cured by itself. Although lumbar herniated discs do not heal on their own, initial episodes can often be cured after non-surgical treatment. However, because the defect in the annulus fibrosus is repaired, it is always a weak link, and once it is damaged again, the pressure inside the disc increases, and herniation can occur again. Symptoms can be recurrent and become more and more severe, with shorter and shorter cycles. In some cases, the initial herniation is so severe that the pressure on the nerve root is so great that the symptoms can be so severe that the patient can hardly tolerate them. In other patients, symptoms never completely resolve due to adhesions between the epidural space and the nerve root caused by the herniation. Non-surgical treatment consists of hard bed rest, supplemented by physical therapy and massage. Traction can also be used, but it is mainly suitable for patients who are younger, having their first attack or having an acute attack. If the non-surgical treatment is ineffective or recurrence, the symptoms are more serious, affecting the work and life, the need for timely surgical treatment. Surgical methods can be decided according to the size of the herniated material and the patient’s physical condition, such as discoscopic nucleus pulposus removal, open window nucleus pulposus removal, hemilaminectomy or total laminectomy, and so on. Lumbar disc herniation often bothers the patient’s work, life and study, and in serious cases, it even leads to urinary and fecal dysfunction, so if you suffer from lumbar disc herniation, you need to seek medical treatment in time.