The size of thyroid nodule is 16mm, whether to operate or not depends on the specific situation, if it is malignant nodule, or the size is too large to cause pressure symptoms, usually need surgery; if it is asymptomatic benign nodule, usually do not need surgery. Thyroid cytocentesis biopsy can identify the nature of thyroid nodules before surgery, which provides the basis for individualized and precise treatment of thyroid diseases, and is the key to decision-making in thyroid diagnosis and treatment. The guideline points out that for thyroid nodules with a diameter of >10mm and signs of malignancy on ultrasonography, puncture biopsy should be considered. Patients found to have thyroid nodules 16mm in diameter are recommended to follow medical advice to standardize treatment.