Fats are mainly broken down into glycerol and fatty acids through fat mobilization, with glycerol involved in glycolysis for further metabolism and fats involved in beta oxidation for further metabolism. Fat mobilization refers to the process in which fat stored in white adipocytes is gradually hydrolyzed to fatty acids and glycerol and released into the bloodstream for oxidative utilization by its tissues with the participation of hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase, monoglyceride lipase and other related lipases and proteins. Among them, glycerol can further participate in glycolysis in glucose metabolism to generate glucose to be utilized by the body. Fatty acids are activated to form lipoyl CoA and transferred to the mitochondria, where they are oxidized through β-oxidation to form acetyl CoA, and then enter the tricarboxylic acid cycle to be completely oxidized, while releasing a large amount of ATP for the body’s energy supply. In daily diet, it is recommended to consume more food containing essential fatty acids to ensure the normal metabolism of the body.