ESD surgery, also known as endoscopic submucosal dissection, is a new technique developed on the basis of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR).ESD surgery is an endoscopic procedure that uses a high-frequency electrosurgical knife and special instruments to gradually detach early tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and foci larger than 2cm (e.g., early tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and polyps) from the normal submucosal layer underneath them in order to achieve complete resection of the lesions.
ESD surgery can be used for the resection of gastrointestinal polyps, early gastrointestinal tumors and precancerous lesions.
ESD is a reliable and safe treatment for superficial lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, as it is less invasive, can obtain a complete specimen, can be used for multiple treatments in multiple sites, and has a low recurrence rate, but there is also a risk of perforation and bleeding.
ESD is strictly prohibited for those who are taking anticoagulants after cardiac or major vascular surgery, have blood diseases, or have coagulation disorders, until the coagulation function has been corrected. A lesion augmentation test is routinely performed prior to surgical manipulation, and in negative patients, the procedure is not indicated.