Spinal cord cavitation (syringomyelia) is a complication of spinal cord injury, mainly manifested by the gradual development of dissociative sensory impairment, long tract conduction dysfunction, lower motor neuron impairment and trophic impairment in the affected segment on top of the original symptoms. The main manifestation of dissociative sensory disorder is the loss of pain and temperature sensation in the body, initially unilateral pain and temperature sensation, but if the anterior commissure is involved, there may be bilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation in the hand, ulnar side of the arm or neck and chest, but tactile and deep sensation exists. Motor deficits are mainly characterized by decreased muscle strength and muscle atrophy, accompanied by reduced or absent deep reflexes in the upper extremities. Spasticity may be seen when there is compression or damage to the downward motor conduction pathway. In the early stage, atrophy and weakness of the small muscles of the hand and the ulnar muscles of the forearm are seen, and there is tremor of the muscle bundles. Gradually, it affects the upper extremities, scapular girdle and other muscles of the chest. Spastic paralysis of both lower limbs, increased muscle tone, hyperactive tendon reflexes, loss of abdominal wall reflexes and positive Babinski’s sign were seen below the plane of the cavity. Damage to central sympathetic nerve fibers may result in dystrophy, and involvement of the C8 cervical medulla and T1 thoracic medulla lateral horn may result in Horner’s syndrome. In the late stages, neurogenic bladder and fecal incontinence are often present, but bladder dysfunction (urinary retention) is more common than bowel dysfunction. Abrasions or burns on the skin in the area of nociceptive deficiency may cause intractable skin ulcers. The spinal cord may be thickened or atrophied; 2. The cavity has a long T1 low signal, which is basically similar to CSF; 3. In some cases, a septum is seen in the cavity; 4. 1.Anesthesia Depending on the age and the location of the cavity, specific anesthesia is used, including general anesthesia, intensive anesthesia or local anesthesia. 2.Surgical method Soft tissue incision is performed at the lesion site to expose the vertebral plate, and the micro-mill is used to mill down the plate; the dura is exposed and the operating microscope is placed; the dura and arachnoid are cut open under the microscope and the CSF is discharged to release the adhesions of the spinal cord and nerve roots. Thereafter, the following methods are used according to the specific situation: for patients with Chiaris deformity, occipito-cervical decompression is possible: part of the occipital bone and upper cervical plate are removed, the dura is widely opened, and the adhesions are separated. This method can relieve the congenital deformity of cerebellar tonsils and submedullary herniation, skull base depression, atlanto-occipital fusion, arachnoid adhesions around the medulla oblongata and spinal cord, unblock the central canal and the fourth ventricle, reconstruct the normal CSF circulation pathway, and equalize the pressure in the craniospinal cavity. After revealing the most prominent part of the cavity, a small longitudinal incision (about 5 mm long) is made with a sharp knife on the dorsal side of the cavity, next to the midline where there is no blood vessel, and the fluid is drained deep into the cavity, and a piece of silicone membrane is placed into the cavity at the incision site. A catheter is used to drain the fluid from the cavity into the subarachnoid or peritoneal cavity and fix it in the normal subarachnoid space above the level of the cavity. In the case of multiple cavities, the septum between the cavities should be removed and then diverted.