The causes of esophageal cancer are generally the following.
1. Dietary habits. For example, long-term smoking, drinking, eating hot food for a long time, or food that is too hard and not chewed well may cause esophageal cancer.
2. Carcinogens. For example, nitrosamines, which are very strong carcinogens, are mostly found in sauerkraut. Mold, or moldy food, is also a cause of esophageal cancer.
3. Genetic factors. Some studies have shown that most patients with esophageal cancer have a family history of the disease.
4, precancerous lesions and other disease factors, such as chronic esophageal inflammation, esophageal mucosal injury, esophageal epithelial hyperplasia, Plummer-Vinton syndrome, esophageal ulcer, esophageal diverticulum, esophageal leukoplakia, hiatal hernia, esophageal scar stenosis, cardia incontinence, etc., are all precancerous diseases of esophageal cancer.
5. Nutrition and micronutrients. An unbalanced diet that lacks essential fatty acids, vitamins, and proteins can lead to esophageal mucosal hyperplasia and interstitial degeneration, which can cause cancer. Some studies have also shown that lack of iron, molybdenum, and zinc trace elements can also cause esophageal cancer.