In addition to the front free edge of the nail, the left and right edges and the root of the nail are connected to the skin folds, and these connections form a groove called the “nail groove. As the name implies, nail fungus is an infection that occurs in the nail groove and is mainly caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Most nail infections are caused by trauma to the nail groove and its adnexal tissues, localized ingrown nails or gnawing on the finger, or pulling “meat spurs”. Clinically, nail infections in the fingers are often caused by gnawing on the fingers, pulling out “meat spikes”, and infections near the nail grooves, while nail infections in the toes are most common with ingrown nails. The main reason for ingrown nails is congenital toenail curvature, trimming the toenail too short and too deep, plus wearing shoes too tight, so that the soft tissue of the nail furrow is broken and infected, and a small percentage of gray nails mycosis fungoides. The infection can spread to the root of the nail and the opposite nail groove, forming a perineuritis, or it can spread to the nail and form an abscess under the nail. The pain increases, the swelling is obvious, and yellow-white pus can be seen under the nail floating up the nail, which can develop into purulent dactylitis or even osteomyelitis of the finger bone if not dealt with in time, and can also become chronic nail infection, persistent nail infection or sub nail abscess, etc. How should I treat my nail infection? In the early stages of nail infection, hot compresses, physiotherapy, external compresses, or anti-inflammatory drugs such as iodamines or antibiotics can be used to reduce swelling and pain. If the nail has become pus, a professional doctor should make an incision next to the nail to drain the pus in a timely manner, and if there is an ingrown nail, the ingrown nail should be repaired. If the nail is severe, nail extraction should be performed if necessary. When removing the nail, care should be taken to avoid damaging the nail bed so as not to affect the new finger (toe) nail. If you have grey nails, you should also treat the fungal infection. The last thing you need to do is to keep your nail clean and seek medical attention. Patients with combined diabetes, arteriosclerotic occlusive disease, or thrombo-occlusive vasculitis should be treated promptly to prevent further aggravation of the underlying disease or more serious consequences, and to prevent recurrence of ingrown nail onychomycosis after it has healed.