The main blood pressure-lowering drugs for middle-aged hypertensive people regardless of gender include diuretics, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and angiotensin II receptor antagonists.
1. Diuretics: including thiazides, furosemide and potassium-preserving diuretics, etc. Among them, thiazide diuretics are the most common, which can reduce peripheral vascular resistance and extracellular volume through sodium excretion.
2. β-blockers: have good antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic effects, common drugs include such as metoprolol, bisoprolol and so on.
3. Calcium channel blockers: mainly include nifedipine, verapamil, etc., which act on different subunits of L-type calcium channels to reduce the entry of extracellular calcium ions into the vascular smooth muscle and reduce the contraction response of resistance vessels.
4. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: they can improve ventricular remodeling and lower blood pressure, and the main drugs include captopril and enalapril.
5. Angiotensin II receptor antagonist: can reduce vasoconstriction, water and sodium retention, ventricular remodeling, slow but smooth antihypertensive effect, common drugs are chlorosartan.
Hypertension patients should consult the doctor in time, under the guidance of the doctor for treatment, medication should follow the doctor’s instructions, pay attention to rest, avoid emotional excitement, avoid overwork, eat a balanced diet, work and rest.