The growth and development of infants aged 1-12 months is characterized by different physiological manifestations.
1 month old infant
Gross motor: pulling on the wrist allows him to sit up and his head can be held upright for a moment (2 seconds).
Fine motor: touching the palm of the hand, he will clench his fist.
Adaptive skills: eyes will follow the red ball across the center line (a slight movement is sufficient) and respond to sounds.
Language: Makes small sounds on his own.
Social Behavior: Eyes follow people who are walking around.
2-month-old infant
Gross motor: can sit up by pulling on wrist, head can be held upright for short periods of time (5 seconds).
Fine motor: head can be lifted off the bed when lying prone, rattle is held in the hand for a moment.
Adaptability: immediate attention to large toys.
Language: Can produce vowel sounds such as a, o, e, etc.
Social behavior: responds when teased.
3-month-old infant
Gross motor: can lift head 45 degrees when lying prone, head steady when held straight.
Fine motor: both hands can be held together, rattle stays in hand for 0.5 seconds.
Adaptability: Eyes can turn 180 degrees with the red ball.
Language: laughs out loud.
Social Behavior: Sensitive appearance, smiles when meeting people.
4 months old baby
Gross motor: can lift head 90 degrees when lying prone, can stand for a few moments holding armpits.
Fine motor: shaking and looking at the rattle.
Adaptability: occasional attention to small pills and finding sound sources.
Language: barking loudly and babbling.
Social behavior: recognizes relatives.
5-month-old infant
Gross motor: sits up by gently pulling on wrist, sits alone with head and body tilted forward.
Fine motor: grasps toys in close proximity.
Adaptability: Holding one block and looking at another.
Language: vocalizes to people and objects.
Social Behavior: Excited to see food.
6 Months
Gross Motor: rolls over prone.
Fine motor: Tearing paper and putting a block on the table.
Adaptive skills: holds two blocks with two hands at the same time, finds lost toys.
Language: calls names and turns head.
Social behaviors: self-feeding cookies, such as looking for the face of the person who is hiding (handkerchief to block the face).
7 Months
Gross motor: sits alone freely.
Fine motor: rakes to get small pills (about 0.5 cm in diameter), picks up one block and then another by himself.
Adaptive skills: blocks change hands, reach for distant toys.
Language: pronounces da-da, ma-ma without reference.
Social behavior: playful reflection of mirror, able to distinguish born people.
8-month-old infant
Gross motor: can stand with both hands holding objects.
Fine motor: thumb and ring finger pinch small pills (diameter: 0.5cm); holds two blocks in hand and tries to take a third block (square, side length 2cm).
Adaptability: Continuously chasing toys with hands and consciously ringing bells.
Language: imitates sounds.
Social behavior: understands adult facial expressions.
9-month-old infant
Gross motor: can crawl, pull hands to walk.
Fine motor: pinches small pills with thumb and index finger.
Adaptive skills: remove blocks from cups (square with 2cm sides), blocks to knock.
Language: can welcome and goodbye (gestures).
Social Behavior: says no.
10-month-old infant
Gross motor: can pull on the railing to stand up, hold on to the railing to be able to walk.
Fine motor: thumb and index finger movements are proficient.
Adaptive skills: removes cups that are holding blocks and plays with blocks; finds things in boxes.
Language: Imitates vocal sounds.
Social Behavior: Knows common objects and their names, and can indicate.
11-month-old infants
Gross Motor: holds objects, squats to retrieve objects; stands alone for a few moments.
Fine motor: opens paper wrapped in blocks.
Adaptive skills: puts blocks in cups; imitates pushing toy carts
Language: consciously pronounces a word.
Social Behavior: knows “no”; imitates patting dolls.
12-month-old infants
Gross Motor: stands alone and stable; can walk while holding one hand.
Fine motor: tries to put small pellets into vials; fully grasps pen to leave pen path.
Adaptability: cap the bottle.
Language: calls mommy and daddy with reference; asks for something and knows how to give it.
Social behavior: dressing knows how to cooperate.