EBUS-TBNA examination refers to ultrasound bronchoscopy-guided transbronchial needle aspiration biopsy, the report of which shows inflammation and mostly excludes the possibility of cancer, with the possibility of false-negatives at individual times, related to specimen collection. Ultrasound bronchoscopy is a device that places an ultrasound probe at the front end of the bronchoscope, which is combined with a specialized suction biopsy needle to perform transbronchial needle aspiration biopsy under ultrasound guidance. It has diagnostic value for the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer and enlargement of mediastinal lymph nodes or hilar lymph nodes of undiagnosed lung cancer. The characteristic pathological changes of EBUS-TBNA examination are 85~93%, and if the report shows inflammation, there is also the possibility of false-negative in individual cases. EBUS-TBNA test report, need to be combined with the patient’s symptoms, physical examination and other auxiliary examination, it is recommended to go to the hospital, a clear diagnosis and treatment.