Types of Sensory Disorders

Sensory disorders are divided into two major categories and seven types, the two major categories include stimulus symptoms and inhibitory symptoms, stimulus symptoms are divided into five types, namely sensory hypersensitivity, sensory inversion, sensory overload, sensory abnormalities and pain, inhibitory symptoms are divided into two types, including complete sensory deficit, which refers to the absence of all kinds of sensations in the same area, and dissociative sensory disorder, which is mainly the absence of pain and temperature sensation in the same area, while tactile sensation and Deep sensation is preserved. There are seven types of sensory disorders, the most common of which is the terminal type, which is characterized by symmetrical glove and glove-like hyperalgesia in the distal part of the limb, mostly seen in multiple peripheral neuropathies. There is also the peripheral nerve type, which manifests as sensory disturbance in a certain peripheral nerve innervation area, such as ulnar nerve, trigeminal nerve, radial nerve, median nerve, and sensory disturbance in the skin of the area it innervates. There is also the segmental type, which is mainly posterior root type, posterior horn type, and anterior conjoined type, each of which has a different presentation and is associated with disease of the spinal cord. There is also the conduction tract type, which is mainly a hemisection syndrome, in which damage to one half of the spinal cord causes loss of pain and temperature sensation below the plane of damage on the opposite side, as well as loss of deep sensation on the same side, and transverse damage to the spinal cord, which is a complete conduction tract type of sensory impairment below the plane of the lesion, that is, loss of pain, temperature and deep sensation below the plane of damage on both sides. This is usually seen in acute myelitis and spinal cord compression. The cross-over type is mainly seen in ipsilateral facial and contralateral trunk and limb pain and temperature deficits, mostly due to cerebrovascular disease of the brainstem and medulla oblongata. There is also the partial body type, which is mostly seen in cerebrovascular disease, mainly manifested by various temperature and pain sensation loss on the contralateral side of the lesion, mostly seen in cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, and brain tumor in the brain stem and cerebral hemispheres. There is also a single limb type, which refers to the loss of sensation in the contralateral upper and lower limbs, and can be accompanied by compound sensory disorders, mostly due to lesions in the sensory areas of the cerebral cortex.