Every year from April to September is the high incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease, what should mothers do to keep their babies away from hand, foot and mouth disease? I’m going to take you to learn more about it, in addition to the last year suffered from this year and may get again?
Early prevention for mothers to keep babies away from HFMD
Although HFMD is often mentioned by various media, many mothers still have a rather vague understanding of HFMD. What are the symptoms of HFMD and how should parents judge whether their babies are suffering from HFMD through their babies’ initial performance?
The main symptoms of HFMD
HFMD mostly occurs in preschool children, with the highest incidence within 4 years of age. The main symptoms of HFMD are oral ulcers, pain, bad breath, salivation, refusal to eat, anorexia, irritability, low or moderate fever, pharyngeal congestion, swollen tonsils, and a rash on the heart of the hands and feet, which starts as a red maculopapular rash and soon turns into a blistering rash that fades within a week without leaving pigmentation, flaking or scars. The symptoms of “blister rash” can make some parents think it is chicken pox, often delaying the disease. In fact, the two diseases are easy to distinguish, hand, foot and mouth disease in addition to the hands and feet of other parts of the body generally no rash, while chicken pox is systemic. Depending on the severity of the disease, the performance of hand, foot and mouth disease symptoms vary.
Common case manifestations
Acute onset, fever, scattered herpes on the oral mucosa, maculopapular rash and herpes on the hands, feet and buttocks. The herpes may be surrounded by an inflammatory redness with little fluid in the blisters. It may be accompanied by cough, runny nose, and loss of appetite. Some cases present only as a rash or herpetic pharyngitis. Most cases heal within a week. In some cases, the rash is atypical, e.g., a single site or only a maculopapular rash.
Presentation of severe cases
In a few cases (especially those younger than 3 years old), the disease progresses rapidly, with meningitis, encephalitis (brainstem encephalitis is the most dangerous), cerebral crepitomyelitis, pulmonary edema, and circulatory disorders appearing within 1-5 days of onset. Severe cases may present with neurological involvement and acute circulatory and respiratory failure, with a high incidence under 3 years of age.
Severe cases of HFMD can be manifested as: neurological involvement and acute circulatory and respiratory failure
1.Neurological manifestations
Poor mental health, drowsiness, easy to startle, headache, vomiting, delirium or even coma; limb tremors, myoclonus, nystagmus, ataxia, oculomotor disorders; weakness or acute flaccid paralysis; convulsions. On examination, meningeal stimulation signs, diminished or absent tendon reflexes, and positive pathological signs such as Bartholomew’s sign can be seen.
2.Respiratory system manifestations
Shallow breathing, dyspnea or change of rhythm, cyanosis of lips and mouth, coughing, coughing white, pink or bloody foamy sputum; wet rales or sputum sounds can be heard in the lungs.
3.Circulatory system performance
Pale gray face, skin pattern, cold extremities, cyanosis of fingers (toes); cold sweating; prolonged capillary refill time. Heart rate increases or decreases, pulse is shallow and fast or weak or even disappears; blood pressure increases or decreases.
HFMD is contagious, and its transmission is mainly through the following modes.
1, close contact with the crowd is an important mode of transmission, children through contact with hands, towels, handkerchiefs, tooth cups, toys, eating utensils, milk utensils, as well as bedding, underwear, etc. contaminated by the virus cause infection.
2, the virus in the patient’s throat secretions and saliva can be transmitted through the air (droplets), so close contact with a sick child can cause infection.
3.Infection can also occur when drinking or eating water or food contaminated by the virus.
Parents start prevention now
If your baby gets HFMD, mom must not take it lightly, as some of the affected children may have complications such as myocarditis, encephalitis, aseptic meningitis, and even life-threatening. What can mothers do to prevent HFMD as much as possible? To prevent HFMD, mothers should start from the following aspects in their daily life.
1. Pay attention to isolating sick children
There is no vaccine available to prevent HFMD. To avoid infection, sick children should be isolated for more than a week from the onset of the disease. In addition, HFMD is mainly spread through saliva, contaminated objects or food, therefore, to prevent “disease from the mouth”, strengthen the daily disinfection of utensils and isolation of patients is an important measure to control the spread and epidemic.
2, pay attention to hygiene: wash hands regularly, furniture pacifiers to disinfect
In the season of hand, foot and mouth disease epidemic, should pay attention to the personal hygiene and environmental hygiene of young children. As long as you master personal hygiene, hand washing, disinfection, ventilation and exercise, the virus will naturally stay away from you. Children’s toys should be diligently cleaned and dried in a sunny place before they are given to children to play with.
3, as little as possible to go to places with a large flow of people
Try not to go to crowded public places, such as cinemas, parks, shopping malls, etc., to avoid cross-infection. Prevention of hand, foot and mouth to do “hand washing, ventilation, drink boiled water, eat cooked food, dry clothes and quilts” the 15-word recipe.
Hand, foot and mouth home care 6 tips
If your baby has been confirmed to have HFMD, mothers should pay attention to the following aspects when taking care of him/her at home. The treatment of HFMD is based on the principle of clearing away heat and fire and relieving dampness, which can be treated according to the clinical manifestations of the child. Parents should pay attention to the following points when their children are ill in order to cooperate with the doctor’s treatment (mothers need to pay attention to many things when carrying out home care).
1, because the child’s mouth ulcerated, pain, so the diet as light as possible, to liquid food is most appropriate, avoid eating spicy, hot, fatty, indigestible products.
2, pay attention to personal hygiene, keep the mouth clean, ulcers can be wiped locally with light salt water, local spray on the throat wind san or watermelon cream. If the oral mucosal ulcers are obvious, you can sprinkle Similac powder on the trauma to promote the repair of the local mucosa.
3, hand and foot heart herpes can not be used unsterilized needle picking, should be its own subside, in order to avoid secondary infection. You can use topical stove glycerin lotion to converge the sore and stop itching, and if the herpes breaks down, you can use chrysin eye ointment or Bactrim ointment to apply to the broken area.
4, can be appropriate with dietary therapy, such as carrots, horseshoes, bamboo cane boiled lean meat soup or bamboo leaves rolled heart with rock sugar decoction for tea.
5, once the child appears chest tightness, shortness of breath, fatigue, like sighing and other symptoms, should be alert to the presence of concurrent myocarditis, must be immediately to the hospital for treatment.
6.If the child suddenly vomits, neck straightening, or even limb convulsions, it is a sign of concurrent central nervous system infection, and should be treated promptly to avoid delaying the condition.
Key note.
The peak incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease again came last year suffered from this year and may get again. Clinically, we encounter many parents who mistakenly believe that pediatric hand, foot and mouth disease is similar to chickenpox and measles, and that antibodies are produced after one infection and there will not be a second infection, which is wrong. There are many kinds of enterovirus serotypes, and all of them may have symptoms of HFMD.
Many children in the clinic have had HFMD every year for several years, and a few children have been hospitalized twice a year because of HFMD.
Once again, parents are reminded that if their children have fever and rash, they should go to a regular medical institution promptly. A high fever that does not go away, poor spirit, persistent vomiting, lethargy, easy fright, shaking limbs, pale face, and difficulty in breathing may be severe HFMD and should be seen by a doctor without delay.