Colorectal polyps, especially colorectal adenomatous polyps, are a common clinical gastrointestinal disease closely related to colorectal cancer.
In the past 10 years, with the popularization and clinical application of endoscopy, the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, especially colorectal polyps, have been comprehensively updated, so that a large number of cases of colon and rectal polyps have been diagnosed early and treated early to avoid the evil consequences of cancer. Endoscopic resection of colonic polyps is a non-surgical dissection minimally invasive and painless resection, which is a major development in endoscopic diagnosis and treatment technology. Any small polyp in the colorectum has the potential to become cancerous, and therefore all endoscopically visible polyps should be removed endoscopically as soon as possible. However, since most patients with colorectal polyps do not have obvious symptoms such as gastrointestinal bleeding and abdominal pain, they do not pay enough attention to timely colonoscopy and timely endoscopic resection treatment, or even give up early examination and treatment until cancer bleeds as a last resort, but often the tumor is already advanced and has metastasized.
The significance of endoscopic treatment of colorectal polyps is to prevent and interrupt the occurrence of colorectal cancer by removing the pre-cancerous lesions. The second is to treat colorectal polyps bleeding and other gastrointestinal symptoms.
The non-invasive treatment of colorectal polyps via endoscopy is a major development in endoscopic diagnosis and treatment, and the treatment of colorectal polyps via endoscopic electrocoagulation and electrodestruction can effectively prevent and interrupt the occurrence of colorectal cancer. At present, this technology has been commonly carried out in China, and our department has accumulated rich experience in the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal polyps by colonoscopy. According to our knowledge and experience, patients treated by colonoscopy with high frequency electrocoagulation and polypectomy should also pay attention to postoperative medication to prevent postoperative complications; actively treat intestinal diseases closely related to colorectal polyps such as chronic colitis, ulcerative colitis, chronic constipation, etc. to prevent the recurrence and occurrence of colorectal polyps. The self-care and related precautions are briefly described as follows for reference.
A. Rest and activities
1, after endoscopic treatment should be bed for 3 days, because the intestinal tube is only a few millimeters thick, electrocoagulation electrocautery removal of polyps, bed is conducive to mucosal wound repair, prevent bleeding, avoid perforation and other complications.
2, polyp treatment, we should pay attention to the combination of work and rest, in 1 month it is advisable to avoid strenuous exercise, lifting heavy objects, long Yu go out, etc., in order to prevent polyps trauma bleeding and other complications.
Second, comply with medical advice, active treatment
1.The problem of urination and defecation after treatment: 1-3 days after treatment, such as a long time lying flat on, we should pay attention to get up and do not rush to the ground, to sit on the edge of the bed for a moment, no dizziness discomfort before going to the ground, and then stand for a while, no dizziness reaction before going to the toilet, after the toilet slowly get up, stand hidden, no dizziness and then back to bed. To prevent upright fainting, fall.
2, when the bowel movement should pay attention to the natural, do not struggle to defecate. To prevent bruising polyp trauma, causing bleeding.
3.About 2 weeks after treatment, it is appropriate to take some anti-ulcer, hemostatic and myogenic drugs.
Third, regular review
1, more than 1cm in diameter polyps have a certain tendency to malignant transformation, should be reviewed within six months after surgery.
2, general polyps electrocoagulation electrocautery within 4 years, at least once a year should be made enteroscopy, if no polyps found, can be reviewed every 2 years.
3.During the follow-up period, fecal occult blood test and carcinoembryonic antigen test should be done frequently.
4.Once polyps are found during the follow-up, endoscopic electrocoagulation and electrosurgery or argon gas treatment should be performed.
5.The purpose of postoperative follow-up is to detect the recurrence of local colonic mucosal polyps at an early stage; to detect heterogeneous hyperplastic lesions at an early stage. So that timely treatment can prevent the occurrence of intestinal cancer.
IV. Self-care
1.Rest in bed for 3 days after surgery, eat liquid food or diet with less residue for 1 week, and avoid strenuous activities for half a month.
2. Pay attention to observe the color of stool and the presence of blood stool within 1 month after surgery. If there is any discomfort, please go to the hospital for examination at any time.
3, maintain a stable mood should try to avoid mental excitement, keep a happy mood, with a positive and optimistic attitude with the treatment and care, in order to recover as soon as possible.
4, the original slow colitis or ulcerative colitis should be actively treated. It is conducive to reducing the occurrence of colorectal polyps.
E. Diet and health care therapy.
1.Create good eating habits, diet diversification; eat as much as possible regular ration.
2.Keep the food clean and hygienic, prevent the pollution of carcinogenic substances, change the bad cooking methods such as.
No or less fried, deep-fried, baked and roasted food.
3. Play the role of anti-cancer elements in food. Vitamins, trace elements and fiber are called the “three elements” of food to prevent cancer, so we should pay more attention to the “three elements” of food; eat less or no smoked, nitrate (red meat), pickled, soaked and over-hot, over-alkaline, over-cold, over-hard food that may induce intestinal cancer, and eat more fresh vegetables and fruits. Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits.
Sixth, medicinal food therapy.
Choose 2-3 kinds of Lingzhi 50, wild mushroom 50, monkey head mushroom 50, five-finger mushroom root 100, Huai Shan 30, wolfberry 10, fresh Poria 200, etc. plus lean meat, water duck, wild birds (such as water fowl), one kind of turtle in appropriate amount. With red dates or do not date each 3, boil soup with the right amount of oil and salt to take internally.