1. How are tears produced and flow out? The majority of normal human tears are produced by the lacrimal gland located above the outer part of the eye, secreted through 10-20 lacrimal ducts to the conjunctival sac (the surface of the eye), pumped into the tear duct (tear point – upper and lower lacrimal duct – common tear duct – tear sac – nasal tear duct) through the blinking action, and then flow to the nasal cavity and pharynx. This is how the proverbial “a snotty nose and a tear” comes about. 2.What is the reason for tears in the wind? Tearing in the wind is mainly caused by the reflexive secretion of the tear glands when they are stimulated by external stimuli such as cold air or wind, and the excessive tears cannot be discharged by the tear ducts in time and flow out of the eyelids. Another clinical phenomenon of tearing is when the lacrimal gland secretion is normal or not increased, but the channel for excreting tears is obstructed, such as the blockage of the lacrimal duct or nasolacrimal duct, so that tears cannot be discharged normally through the lacrimal duct and out through the eyelid, which is clinically known as overflowing tears, also commonly known as runny tears. 3.Why is lacrimation sometimes combined with pus? Some people also have pus flowing out from the inner r corner after long-term tearing. This is because the long-term tear duct obstruction, bacteria gathered in the tear sac caused inflammation of the tear sac, medically known as chronic dacryocystitis. If the pus accumulates more, when you press with your finger at the root of the nose or the inner r, there will be pus flowing from the inner r. When this happens, you should go to the eye hospital in time to avoid the spread of inflammation to the cornea or other parts of the eye causing serious infections. 4.What should I do if I have tears and pus? Long-term tears and pus may cause redness and congestion of the eyeball or conjunctiva, and redness and swelling of the eyelid skin, so it is important to keep a clean cloth hand towel or paper towel on your body at all times, so that you can wipe it clean at any time once the tears flow out. If you fail to see a doctor or have surgery in time, use antibiotic eye drops to remove the pus discharge from the corner of the eye, but most importantly, you should see a doctor as soon as possible for surgery. 5.How do doctors treat tearing and pus? Before treating tearing caused by lacrimal duct obstruction, the doctor must first identify the site of obstruction, such as lacrimal duct, common lacrimal duct or nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Tear duct irrigation is commonly used clinically to identify this. A simple method of treating tearing due to lacrimal duct obstruction is to use a metal probe to access the obstruction. The use of a laser to open the lacrimal duct obstruction is another treatment method, often combined with the placement of a lacrimal drainage tube, which is usually left in place for 1-3 months and then removed after the obstruction is reopened. For the treatment of chronic dacryocystitis causing pus, since the obstruction site is usually in the nasolacrimal duct, i.e. close to the nasal cavity, surgical methods include external nasolacrimal anastomosis through a skin incision at the root of the nose, and endoscopic transnasal lacrimal sac opening and drainage. The surgical effect is basically similar, but the former will leave a small skin scar on the skin of the inner r, while the latter has no scar and is less traumatic. 6, what are the advantages of nasal endoscopic lacrimal sac rhinocostomy for chronic lacrimal sacitis? Chronic dacryocystitis is one of the most common ophthalmic diseases and is a “time bomb” next to the eye. When the eye and cornea are traumatized, it can easily lead to serious infections, even septic endophthalmitis, and in some patients, acute attacks of lacrimal sacculitis, ocular cellulitis, intraorbital abscess, even cavernous sinus thrombophlebitis, sepsis, and other life-threatening conditions. Therefore, early treatment of lacrimal sacculitis should be carried out after detection. The nasal endoscopic lacrimal sac rhinocystorhinostomy represents today’s development trend. With the good illumination and magnification of the nasal endoscope, the endoscopic minimally invasive technique is used to realize the lacrimal sac rhinocystorhinostomy and drainage, which has the advantages of no facial skin incision scar, less trauma, less complications, stable efficacy and low recurrence rate compared with the traditional skin pathway lacrimal sac rhinocystorhinostomy, especially for the treatment of refractory lacrimal obstruction. The treatment of refractory lacrimal tract obstruction has incomparable superiority over traditional treatment methods, and nasal abnormalities (such as nasal polyps, deviated septum, sinusitis, etc.) can be treated simultaneously during the operation.