If the big toe is swollen and painful, and the pain is obvious when pressed, the following methods can be used for treatment: First, if the big toe is traumatized, causing soft tissue injury or fracture dislocation, symptomatic treatment is needed, such as cold braking and elevation of the affected limb. For fracture dislocation, it is also necessary to perform external fixation or internal fixation with an incision to restore the stability of the fracture end. Second, if the painful swelling of the toe is caused by an acute attack of gout, anti-gout treatment should be carried out. Patients can take oral gout tablets, colchicine tablets, and use anti-inflammatory painkillers such as Kefir and prednisone, which can quickly relieve pain and reduce swelling. Therefore, the swelling and pain symptoms of the big toe should be clearly identified and the corresponding treatment should be selected according to the cause, which can make the best treatment effect and the patient can quickly return to normal life and work.