It is still possible for bile duct cancer to recur after surgery. The reasons for recurrence of cholangiocarcinoma after surgery are multiple. 1. Firstly, cholangiocarcinoma is a malignant tumor of liver and biliary system with high malignancy, so it is easy to recur and metastasize. 2. Secondly, some cholangiocarcinoma patients have already undergone invasion of blood vessels or lymphatic vessels during surgery, thus increasing the risk of postoperative recurrence, such patients need to be given chemotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy after surgery to reduce recurrence. 3. There are also some cholangiocarcinoma patients whose surgical resection is not thorough enough and there are cancer residues at the cut end of the surgery, which also increase the postoperative recurrence rate of the patients, and these patients need to be given postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy to reduce the recurrence. It is recommended that cholangiocarcinoma patients should receive follow-up treatment under the guidance of doctors and undergo regular review to monitor the recovery and recurrence.