Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for about 20-25% of lung cancer, and according to recent epidemiological data, this type has a decreasing trend. SCLC is caused by the malignant transformation of lung Kulchitsky cells, which is subdivided into oat cell type, intermediate cell type and mixed cell type by WHO. The disease is more prevalent in males than females; the site of onset is mostly in the large bronchi (central type). The clinical characteristics are: short multiplication time of tumor cells, rapid progression, often accompanied by endocrine abnormalities or carcinoid syndrome; because of the early occurrence of hematogenous metastasis and sensitivity to radiotherapy, the treatment of small cell lung cancer should be mainly systemic chemotherapy, combined with radiotherapy and surgery as the main treatment means. Comprehensive treatment is the key to the success of small cell lung cancer treatment. Small cell lung cancer is one of the basic types of lung cancer [1] and belongs to undifferentiated cancer, whose pathological types include oat cell type, intermediate cell type and compound oat cell type. One-third of lung cancer patients belong to this type. Small cell lung cancer is a highly malignant tumor with poor biological behavior and an aggressive prognosis. Small cell lung cancer has a shorter symptomatic period before diagnosis and a shorter survival period after diagnosis than other types of lung cancer when compared to the same extent of dissemination. Without treatment, the median survival of patients with small cell lung cancer is less than three months from diagnosis, and the two-year survival rate is less than 1%. The age of onset is young, mostly in men, and most patients have a history of smoking. It usually originates from larger bronchi and is mostly central lung cancer. Small cell carcinoma has the worst prognosis among all types of lung cancer because of its low differentiation, rapid growth, early lymphatic metastasis and extensive metastasis to distant organs and tissues via blood vessels. Small cell carcinoma is highly sensitive to radiation therapy and/or anti-cancer drug treatment. Treatment generally does not advocate surgery, but mainly systemic chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This type of lung cancer is more malignant and has a poor prognosis. Patients with fever and cough are common symptoms of lung cancer, and headache should be alerted to brain metastasis, and cranial CT examination is highly recommended.