The development of carotid plaque is associated with a variety of causes, of which elevated cholesterol is only one. The occurrence of carotid plaque suggests the occurrence of atherosclerosis and is related to a variety of factors, the main factor is the elevation of total cholesterol and LDL level, in addition to the elevation of triglyceride, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and other factors also promote the occurrence of arterial plaques, cholesterol elevation is only one of the reasons. The occurrence of arterial plaque is also related to age. With the gradual increase of age, the arterial blood vessels will gradually age, which will also promote the formation of plaque. Patients with arterial plaques should actively control the various risk factors that lead to plaques. Cholesterol and LDL in the normal range are not the standard of control, but should be lowered to a lower level, such as controlling the LDL level to <1.8 mmol/L. Patients with atherosclerosis should be evaluated for risk under the guidance of a physician to develop a specific treatment plan and aggressive treatment to control plaque growth.